PE - The cardiovascular System (P1)

• Cardiovascular system


  Its job is to move blood around your body
• Main functions of the cardiovascular system


  • Transport of substances around the body in the bloodstream
  • Temperature control
• How the heart pumps blood around the body

  1. Blood enters right ventricle through tricuspid valve

  2. Right ventricle contracts, pushing blood through pulmonary valve into pulmonary artery

  3. Blood travels to lungs to be oxygenated

  4. Oxygenated blood enters left atrium through pulmonary veins

  5. Left ventricle contracts, pushing blood through aortic valve into aorta

  6. Oxygenated blood travels to rest of body
• Pulmonary circuit


  Connects the lungs to the heart
• Systemic circuit


  Connects the rest of the body to the heart
• Arteries


  Carry blood away from the heart, have thick muscular walls to carry blood at high pressure
• Veins


  Carry blood towards the heart, have valves to stop blood flowing the wrong way, have thinner walls and less muscle than arteries
• Capillaries


  Carry blood through the body to exchange gases and nutrients with tissues, have very thin walls to allow easy passage of substances
• Heart rate


  Number of times the heart beats per minute
• Stroke volume


  Amount of blood each ventricle pumps with each contraction
• Cardiac output


  Volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute
• Red blood cells


  Carry oxygen and transport it around the body to be used to release energy needed by muscles during physical activity, also carry carbon dioxide to the lungs
• Hemoglobin (a protein in red blood cells) stores oxygen and carbon dioxide
• Vampires cross the sea in blood vessels
• Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins carry blood towards the heart