Robbery

• s8 Theft Act 1986: "A person is guilty of robbery if he steals, and immediately before or at the time of doing so uses force on any person or puts, or seeks to put, any person in fear of being subjected to force."
• Actus Reus is the AR of theft plus force.
• Force does not need to be applied directly to the victim.
• Corcoran v Anderton: At the point the handbag was wrestled from the victim, the robbery was complete.
• Dawson and James: Force must be sufficient enough to be noticed, but not necessarily by the victim.
• If the D's intent was to create fear, the doesn't matter if the threat was real or not.
• Force, or threat of force, must take place immediately before, or at the time of stealing.
• Bentham: Threat of force.
• The mens rea of robbery is the MR of theft: dishonesty and intention to permanently deprive