Enzymes

• Enzyme-substrate complex is formed when the substrate binds to an active site on the enzyme.
• The shape of the active site matches that of the substrate, allowing it to fit snugly into place.
• Once bound, the substrate undergoes chemical changes due to interactions with amino acid side chains within the active site.
• Products are released from the active site once they have been formed.
• After product release, the enzyme returns to its original state and can catalyze another reaction cycle.
• These interactions cause bonds between atoms in the substrate molecule to break or form, resulting in the formation of products.
• Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body.
• In an enzyme, the reaction takes place in the active site
• The enzymes active site is complimentary to the substrate, so the enzyme and substrate fit together like a lock and key
• As temperature increases up to the optimum temperature the rate of reaction increases because the enzyme and substrate gain more kinetic energy
• Therefore the substrate is more likely to collide with the enzymes active site and form enzyme substrate complex
• As temperature increases past the optimum temperature the rate of reaction decreases as the enzyme denatures
• Denatures means that the enzyme has changed shape so the active site is no longer complimentary to the substrate