Rizal and the propaganda movement

• Rizal and the Propaganda Movement

  A peaceful crusade or campaign for reforms done by means of pen and tongue to pressure the Spanish Government
• Propaganda Movement

  • Organized and participated by the illustrados
  • Led by Dr. Jose P. Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena, and Mariano Ponce
• Rizal entered this phase of the propaganda after the tragedy of Cavite Mutiny of 1872
• Ilustrados

  Undertook the Propaganda Movement in Europe to advocate for reforms and address oppressive colonial policies in the Philippines, seeking representation, equal rights, and justice
• Aims of the Propaganda Movement

  • Equality of the Filipinos and Spaniards before the laws
  • Human rights for Filipinos
  • Restoration of the Philippines representation in the Spanish Cortes
  • Filipinization of the Philippines parishes and expulsion of the friars
  • Assimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of Spain
• Active members of the Propaganda Movement

  • Jose Rizal (Dimasalang at Laong Laan)
  • Marcelo H. del Pilar (Plaridel at Dolores Manapat)
  • Graciano Lopez-Jaena (Diego Laura)
  • Mariano Ponce (Tikbalang, Naning at Kalipulako)
  • Pedro A. Paterno (Plaridel at Dolores Manapat)
  • Jose Maria Panganiban (Jomapa)
  • Antonio Luna (Taga-Ilog)
  • Isabelo Delos Reyes (Don Quijote)
  • Jose Alejandrino
• Foreign friends of the Propagandists included Don Juan Atayde and Ferdinand Blumentritt
• La Solidaridad

  A newspaper founded by Graciano Lopez Jaena in 1888 to advocate for political reforms and social justice for the Philippines
• Contributors to La Solidaridad

  • Marcelo H. del Pilar (Plaridel)
  • Dr. Jose Rizal (Laon Laan)
  • Mariano Ponce (Tig)
• La Solidaridad was an organization created in Spain on December 31, 1888
• The first issue of La Solidaridad came out on February 15, 1889
• The Cavite Mutiny was primarily fueled by the grievances of native Filipino soldiers and laborers, with no evidence to support GOMBURZA as the masterminds
• The Cavite Mutiny expressed the soldiers and laborers' resistance to harsh conditions imposed by the Spanish authorities
• Engineer and Political Writer

  One of the liberal Spaniards who aided Filipino Propagandists
• Wrote a "Prologue" to Rizal's edition of Sucesos and El Filibusterismo

  Foreign friends of the Propagandist
• Don Juan Atayde

  • Ferdinand Blumentritt
• Ferdinand Blumentritt is known for his association and correspondence with Jose Rizal, supporting the cause of Philippine independence
• Ferdinand Blumentritt founded the Circulo - Hispano-Filipino in 1882 (a civic association of Spaniards and Filipino in Madrid)
• La Solidaridad (newspaper)

  Founded by Graciano Lopez Jaena in 1888
• The primary objective of La Solidaridad was to advocate for political reforms and social justice for the Philippines, then a colony of the Spanish Empire
• La Solidaridad

  An organization created in Spain on December 31, 1888
• Contributors of La Solidaridad

  • Marcelo H. del Pilar (Plaridel)
  • Dr. Jose Rizal (Laon Laan)
  • Mariano Ponce (Tigbalang)
  • Antionio Luna (Taga-Ilog)
  • Jose Ma. Panganiban (Jomapa)
  • Dr. Pedro Paterno
  • Antonio Ma. Regidor
  • Isabelo Delos Reyes (Don Quijote)
  • Eduardo de Lete
  • Jose Alejandrino
• Aims of La Solidaridad

  • To portray vividly the deplorable condition of the Philippines
  • To work peacefully for the political and social reforms
  • To combat the evil forces of medievalism
  • To advocate liberal ideas and progress
  • To champion the legitimate aspirations of the Filipino people for democracy and happiness
• Challenges Faced by La Solidaridad

  • Lack of Funds
  • Limited Impact on Reforms
  • Suppression by Spanish Authorities
  • Internal Conflicts among key figures
• Rizal thought of a civic association composed of Filipino when he was at Hongkong. And with the help of Jose Ma. Basa they wrote the constitution of the league
• La Liga Filipana (Philippine League)

  Founded and created by Dr. Jose Rizal in the Philippines in the house of Doroteo Ongjunco at Ilaya St. Tondo, Manila in July 3, 1892
• The league was to be sort of mutual aid and dispensing scholarship funds, legal aid, loaning capital and setting up cooperatives
• Purpose of La Liga Filipana

  To build a new group sought to involve the people directly in the reform movement
• "Unus Instar Omnium" (One like All)
• Aims of La Liga Filipina

  • Union of the Philippine Archipelago into a compact, strong and homogenous body
  • Mutual protection of the members
  • Defense against all violence and injustice
  • Study and application of reforms
  • Encouragement of Education, agriculture and commerce
• Contributors of Liga Filipina

  • Jose Rizal
  • Mariano Ponce
  • Jose Ma. Basa
• Other Contributors of Liga Filipina

  • Andres Bonifacio
  • Mamerto Natividad
  • Jose A. Dizon
  • Timoteo Paez
  • Domingo Franco
  • Arcadio del Rosario
  • Numeriano Andriano
  • Timoteo Lanuza
  • Apolinario Mabini
  • Moises Salvador
  • Ambrosio Salvador
• Internal conflicts arose within members, leading to the separation of Andres Bonifacio and other radical members. They became disenchanted with the peaceful campaign, eventually diverging from the movement's original direction
• Rizal was arrested by order Governor General Despujol. On July 6, 1892, Rizal was exiled to be the Liga Filipina's collapse
• The Liga membership split into two groups: the conservative formed Cuerpo de Compromisarios which led to support the La Solidaridad while the radicals led by Bonifacio devoted themselves to a new and secretary society, the Katipunan
• Goals Achieved of the Propaganda Movement

  • Instilled patriotism and a commitment to social and political change
  • Raised awareness of injustices under Spanish colonial rule
• The Propaganda Movement failed, but the ideas of freedom and justice which it sowed paved the ground for the Philippine Revolution that the Katipunan and Andres Bonifacio began in the hills of Balintawak
• Rizal as Journalist-Novelist

  He wrote "El Amor Patrio" for Diariong Tagalog, urging his countrymen to love the Philippines and contribute to its progress
• Rizal contributed to the Circulo Hispano-Filipino, promoting unity among Filipinos and Spaniards
• Rizal, a key figure in Filipino literature and activism, utilized his writings to draw attention to the state of the country