memory

• Draw the Multistore Model of Memory 


  Should be similar to image

  
• Define: Coding, Capacity and Duration


  Coding- format that information is stored in

  Capacity- amount of information that can be stored

  Duration- length of time that information can be held
• What are the features of the different memory stores


  SENSORY

  coding- modality specific

  capacity- very high

  duration- less than half a second

  SHORT TERM

  coding-acoustic

  capacity-5 to 9 items

  duration-18 seconds

  LONG TERM

  coding- semantic

  capacity- unlimited

  duration- unlimited
• Research MSM- Coding

  Baddeley (1966) 1. acoustically similar 2. acoustically dissimilar 3. semantically similar 4. semantically dissimilar

  STM found acoustically similar harder to recall

  LTM found semantically similar harder to recall
• Research MSM- capacity


  Jacobs (1887) found STM to hold 9.3 numbers or 7.3 letters.

  Miller (1956) found STM to hold 5-9 items but that it could be increased through chunking.
• Research MSM- duration

  Peterson & Peterson (1959) gave consonant syllables and asked ppt to count backwards from a 3 digit number, stopping them at different time intervals.

  Average recall dropped to 3% after 18 seconds.
• Evaluate MSM

  • prolonged rehearsal is not always needed for LTM. Craik & Watkins (1973) said elaborative rehearsal was more important.
  • KF had a motorcycle accident and his STM was impaired but not his LTM, supports separate stores.