PAES 204

• Axial flow thresher


  Throw-in type of thresher which allows the cut plants to move in a helical manner around the threshing cylinder with a net effect of moving the material axially between the feeding and discharge outlets
• Blower loss


  Ratio of the weight of grains blown with the chaff by the thresher fan, to the weight of the total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
• Chaff


  Empty grains and crushed straw being discharged from the threshing chamber
• Concave grate


  Concave component, iron grill frame partially or fully surrounding the cylinder on which the threshing elements rubs, shear and/or impact the cut plants
• Cracked grains


  Grains which show signs of fissures or fractures or splinters
• Grain-straw ratio


  Ratio of the weight of the grains present in the panicles, to the total weight of the grain and straw in the same sample
• Hold-on thresher


  Type of thresher wherein the panicles of the cut plants are fed into the threshing chamber while the stalks are mechanically or manually held during the threshing operation
• Mechanically damaged grain


  Grains that were broken and/or dehulled (partially or fully) as a result of threshing operation
• Mechanical rice thresher


  Machine used to detach and separate the palay from the panicles
• Moisture content


  Amount of moisture in the grain expressed as percentage of the total weight of the sample (wet basis)
• Palay


  Paddy, rice, unhulled grain of Oryza sativa L., that is, grain with the hull/husk
• Peg-tooth cylinder


  Type of threshing cylinder wherein spikes or pegs are attached on the periphery of the cylinder in tandem or in helical arrangements
• Purity


  Ratio of the weight of clean grains, to the total weight of unclean grains sample, expressed in percent
• Rasp-bar cylinder


  Type of threshing cylinder wherein threshing is done between bar-like protrusions in parallel orientation laid on the periphery of the cylinder and stationary bars built into or attached to the concave grate
• Rated engine speed


  Engine speed indicated in revolutions per minute (rpm) of the engine shaft as specified by the engine manufacturer for operation at nominal continuous load
• Scattering loss


  Ratio of the weight of grains that fell out from the machine during threshing operation, to the weight of the total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
• Separation loss


  Ratio of the weight of grains that come out of the threshing chamber with the straw, to the weight of total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
• Straw length


  Cut plants length measured from the point of cut to the tip of the panicle
• Threshed grain


  Grains that are detached from the panicles by the thresher inclusive of mature, immature, and damaged grains
• Threshing unit


  Threshing chamber, part of the thresher where the grains are detached and separated from the panicles
• Threshing cylinder


  Threshing drum, part of the threshing unit that rotates about an axis and it is equipped with either pegs, rasp bars, or wire loops on its periphery
• Threshing efficiency


  Ratio of the weight of the threshed grains collected at all outlets, to the total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
• Threshing element


  Attachments of the threshing cylinder such as pegtooth, wire-loop and rasp-bar that detaches the grains from the panicles
• Threshing recovery


  Ratio of the weight of the threshed grains collected at the main grain outlet, to the weight of the total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
• Through flow thresher


  Throw-in type of thresher wherein cut plants are fed between the rotating cylinder and stationary concave and the threshed materials/straws are discharged out of the threshing chamber tangentially
• Throw-in thresher


  Type of thresher which detaches the grains by feeding the cut plants into the machine
• Total grain input


  Sum of the weights of collected threshed grains and all grains loss during threshing
• Unthreshed loss


  Ratio of the weight of grains that remained in the panicles of the plants fed into the threshing chamber, to the weight of total grain input of the thresher, expressed in percent
• Wire-loop cylinder


  Type of threshing cylinder wherein wires of the same are and size are attached on the periphery of the cylinder in tandem arrangement with or without the threshing concave