Causes

• Energy: HEP is popular, with large areas flooded for reservoirs.
• Farming: commercial (palm oil) and subsistence (slash and burn)
• Logging: selective logging (fully grown) has slightly reduced impact
• Minerals: tin mining is popular, oil and gas drilling have recently begun
• Road building: increased activity demands access, leading to further deforestation
• Settlement: people encouraged by government to move to rural areas from cities