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• Community Engagement, Solidarity, and Citizenship with Social Responsibility and Public Governance
• Psychoanalysis

  The study of the unconscious mental processes that determine human behaviour, feelings, and thoughts
• Social Justice

  The overall equality and fairness in the access and allocation of community resources and goods, and the giving of opportunity structures and life chances so that people can live meaningful lives and achieve well-being
• Social justice requires one to live for the common good rather than to think or care about himself or herself alone
• Five Key Areas of Concern of Social Justice

  • Poverty
  • Social Inequalities
  • Predatory Capitalism
  • Occupational Injustices
  • Climate Change Injustices
• Poverty

  The state of one who lacks a usual or socially acceptable amount of money or material possessions
• Poverty is said to exist when people lack the means to satisfy their basic needs
• Poverty

  A human condition characterized by the sustained or chronic deprivation of the resources, capabilities, choices, security, and power necessary to enjoy an adequate standard of living and other civil, cultural, economic, political, and social rights
• Four Major Approaches in Understanding Poverty

  • Subsistence Minimum
  • Capability
  • Social Exclusion
  • Multidimensional
• Subsistence Minimum

  The minimum income or level of resources necessary to afford the basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, shelter, healthcare, and education
• Determinants of the Poverty Line

  • Income Poverty
  • Consumption Poverty
• Income poverty is based on a person or household's money or income, while consumption poverty focuses on the goods and services a household consumes rather than its income
• Income Classification for an Average Household of Five in the Philippines

  • Rich
  • High Income (but not rich)
  • Upper Middle Income
  • Middle Class
  • Lower Middle Class
  • Low Income (but not poor)
  • Poor
• Capability Approach

  Poverty is not just seen as a lack of income but as a deprivation of the basic capabilities necessary for people to function effectively in society
• Capabilities

  The various functioning combinations (such as being adequately nourished, educated, healthy, etc.) that individuals can achieve
• Social Exclusion

  The process by which individuals or groups are marginalized, excluded, or denied access to resources, opportunities, and social rights that are generally available to others in society
• Multidimensional Approach to Understanding Poverty

  Recognizes that poverty is not solely about low income or lack of financial resources but involves various factors that affect an individual's or a community's well-being
• Five Dimensions of Poverty

  • Cultural Dimension
  • Economic Dimension
  • Social Dimension
  • Political Dimension
  • Environmental Dimension
• Cultural Dimension of Poverty

  The Filipino culture plays a significant part in why many Filipinos remain poor, including a heritage of smallness, damaged culture, and embracing colonizing themselves
• Economic Dimension of Poverty

  The financial aspect of deprivation and the insufficient access to resources necessary for a basic standard of living
• Factors Contributing to the Political Dimension of Poverty

  • Unequal Distribution of Resources
  • Weak Governance and Institutional Failure
  • Conflict and Instability
  • Lack of Accountability and Transparency
• Social Dimension of Poverty

  Social inequalities have a profound impact on poverty, exacerbating its effects and perpetuating cycles of deprivation
• Environmental Dimension of Poverty

  How environmental factors and conditions contribute to or exacerbate poverty