social studies

Subdecks (1)

Cards (67)

  • In 1991, the congressional commission on education (EDCOM) was tasked to review the educational system in the Philippines
  • The commission reported several findings such as high dropout rates in rural areas, lack of special education (SPED) schools, a declining the quality of education, and an inadequate investment in education by the national government.
  • because of the findings they recommended the educational system would be divided into 3 parts: Basic education, Higher Education, Technical or Vocational Education
  • The government eventually called the 3 basic education the "Trifocal" system.
  • The Basic education was regulated by the Department of Education (DepEd)
  • the Higher Education was regulated by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
  • Technical and vocational education is regulated by the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
  • The basic education covers the Kindergarten to grade 12 (K-12) system
  • The Department of Education (DepED) is the main agency in charge of basic education, and it determines the overall standards and coverage of K-12
  • In October 1947, President Manuel Roxas issues Executive Order No. 94 which established the department of Education, a name that was used until 1975
  • the department was renamed the Department of Education and Culture based on Proclamation No. 1081 issued by the President Ferdinand Marcos
  • Marcos issued Presidential Decree No. 1397, which converted all executive departments into Ministries, thus, the department became the ministry of education and culture.
  • In 1984 it was renamed the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (or MECS)
  • From 1987 to 2001, it was named the department of Education, Culture and Sports before it was named the Department of Education
  • In 2001, Congress passed the Governance of Basic Education Act (RA 9155), which renamed the DECS into the present DepED.
  • RA 9155 provides for the overall framework for (i) school head empowerment by strengthening their leadership roles and (ii) school-based management within the context of transparency and local accountability
  • The second area in the trifocal system is the Higher Education that covers Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) or colleges and universities which may be private or public, secular or religious.
  • As of 2019, there are 1,963 HEIs in the country
  • The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) a commission under the office of the President is the primary regulatory body for higher education
  • The commission was created in 1994 through RA 7722 or the Higher Education Act of 1994
  • The creation of the Commission was due to the trifocalization of the education sector in the country as suggested by the Congressional Commission on Education (EDCOM).
  • CHED formulates and recommends development plans, plans policies, priotiries, and programs on Higher Education.
  • The CHED also provides guidelines for the design of certain degree programs.
  • Vocational education refers to training specific to a particular trade or craft such as massage therapy, computer systems servicing, and housekeeping to cite a few
  • TESDA is in charge of vocational education in the Philippines. It was established in 1994 to aid in a national development plan that responds to the specific needs of industries
  • The main problem of the Philippine educational system revolve around access
  • Filipinos were most deprived in education
  • According to DepED, there were around 3.6 million out-of-school youths in 2017.
  • HEIs
    Higher Education Institution
  • COMELEC
    The Commission on Elections
  • TESDA
    Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
  • ABM
    Accountancy, Business and Management
  • DECS
    Department of Education, Culture and Sports.
  • DepED
    Department of Education
  • PSA
    Philippine Statistics Authority
  • GAS
    General Academic Strand
  • TVL
    Technical Vocational Livelihood
  • DSWD
    Department of Social Welfare and Development
  • STEM
    Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
  • CHED
    Commission on Higher Education