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Cards (34)
What is always formed in a chemical reaction?
One or more new
substances
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Why are most chemical changes considered irreversible?
They cannot easily be
reversed
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How can you tell that a chemical reaction has occurred?
By observing a
color change
or
gas release
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What type of energy change is usually involved in chemical reactions?
Heat
energy
change
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What is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction that
releases
energy
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What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction that takes in
energy
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What happens in a displacement reaction?
A more
reactive
metal
displaces a less reactive one
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What are the reactants in a chemical equation?
The
starting
chemicals
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What are the products in a chemical equation?
The
chemicals
at the end
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What does the word equation for iron and copper sulphate represent?
Iron
displaces
copper
from copper
sulphate
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What occurs to atoms during a chemical reaction?
They are rearranged to form
products
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What is the formula equation for hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?
HCl +
NaOH
→
NaCl
+
H2O
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What is thermal decomposition?
Breaking down
chemicals
into simpler ones when heated
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What is produced when green copper carbonate is heated?
Copper oxide
and
carbon dioxide
gas
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How can carbon dioxide gas be identified during thermal decomposition?
It turns
limewater
milky
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What type of reaction is thermal decomposition?
An
endothermic
reaction
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What is combustion?
The burning of
fuels
with oxygen
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What are the products of combustion of fossil fuels?
Water vapour
and
carbon dioxide
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What three elements are needed for a fire to burn?
Fuel
,
oxygen
, and heat
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What is the Fire Triangle?
A model showing the
three
elements of fire
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Why should water not be used on petrol fires?
It spreads the
burning fuel
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How do foam, powder, or CO2 extinguishers work?
They stop
oxygen
from reaching flames
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What is rusting?
The
corrosion
of
iron
with
oxygen
and
water
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What is the scientific name for rust?
Iron oxide
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How can rusting be prevented?
By oiling, painting, or
galvanising
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In what type of water does iron rust faster?
In
salt water
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What type of reaction is rusting?
An
oxidation
reaction
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What is a catalyst?
A substance that speeds up a
reaction
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How do catalysts affect chemical reactions?
They allow reactions to occur with less
energy
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What are biological catalysts called?
Enzymes
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Why do some reactions require high temperatures?
To provide enough
energy
to start
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What is the benefit of using a catalyst in industry?
More
products
in a shorter time
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What do catalytic converters do in cars?
Change
harmful
products into
safer
chemicals
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What metals are commonly found in catalytic converters?
Platinum
and
rhodium
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