4.6.1.6 genetic inheritance

Cards (12)

what is a gamete?
a reproductive cell that fuses with another gamete during sexual reproduction to form a new organism
what is a chromosome?
A structure made of DNA and proteins that carries genetic information in the form of genes
what is a gene?
A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or RNA molecule
what is an allele?
An allele is a variant form of a gene that determines a specific trait or characteristic
what is a dominant allele?
the gene that is expressed regardless
what is a recessive allele?
An allele that is masked by a dominant allele and only expressed when two copies are present
what is a phenotype?
the actual characteristic expressed by the persons genes
what is a genotype?
the combination of alleles that a person has that codes for their specific phenotype
what does it mean is someone is homozygous dominant?
Both alleles for a particular gene are the same and dominant
What does is mean when someone is homozygous recessive?
Both alleles for a particular gene are the same and code for a recessive trait
what does it mean when someone is homozygous?
they have two identical alleles for a particular gene
what does it mean when someone is heterozygous?
Having two different alleles for a particular gene