Protocols

• What is a network protocol?

  A set of rules for how devices communicate and how data is transmitted through a network
• What is a MAC address?

  A number that is assigned to each individual device, it is unique and cannot be changes
• What are MACs used for?

  For communicating between devices on the same network, the switch in a LAN will read the MAC address and direct the data to the right device
• How does communication between different networks work?

  Uses IP addresses
• What is an IP address?

  A number that is assigned to each device on a network, it is used when sending data between networks
• What is the TCP/IP protocol?

  The protocol which dictates how data is sent across networks
• What is the TCP protocol?

  Transmission Control Protocol - Responsible for splitting up data into packets and then reassembling the packets back into the original date when it reaches its destination device
• What is the IP?

  Internet Protocol - Responsible for directing data packets to their destination across the network
• What are the other main protocols?

  • HTTP
  • HTTPS
  • FTP
  • POP3
  • IMAP
  • SMTP
• What is HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)?

  Used by web browsers to access websites and communicate with web servers
• What is HTTPS?(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure)


  A more secure version of HTTP which encrypts all information sent and recieved
• What is FTP (File Transfer Protocol)?


  Used to access, edit and move files between devices on a network
• What is POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) ?

  
  

  Used to retrieve emails from a server, Server holds email until you download it, then it is deleted
• What is IMAP (internet messaging access protocol)?

  
  

  Used to retrieve emails from a server, the server hold the email until you delete it
• What is SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)?

  Used to send emails and transfer emails between servers
• What are network protocols divided into?

  layers
• What is a layer?

  A group of protocols which have similar functions
• Advantages of using layers:

  • Breaks network communication down into manageable pieces
  • layers can be changed without others being affected