Biology: Homeostasis

• What does your body use homeostasis?

  Control system
• Control systems keep your body steady
• Control systems are automatic
• What are control systems made up from?

  Receptors, effectors, coordination centres
• What if blood glucose levels are too high?

  the control system decreases the level
• What if blood glucose is too low?

  the control system increases the level
• What do coordination centres include?

  brain, spinal cord, pancreas
• What does the nervous system mean?

  humans can react to their surroundings and coordinate their behaviour
• What's the Central Nervous System connected too?

  Body by sensory neurones and motor neurones
• What do sensory neurones carry?

  information as electrical impulses from the receptors
• What do motor neurones carry?

  carry electrical impulses from the effectors
• What do receptors cells do?

  cells that detect stimuli
• What do effectors do?

  these respond to electrical impulses and bring about a change
• What type of control system is the central nervous system?

  Coordination centre
• What's the order of the control centre?

  Stimulus

  receptor

  sensory neurone

  CNS

  motor neurone

  effector

  response
• What do synapses connect?

  Neurones
• What is a synapses?

  is where two neurones join together
• What happens in a synapses?

  the electrical impulse is passed from the one neurone to the next by chemicals that move across the gap, the chemicals set off a new electrical impulse in the next neurone
• What do reflexes help?

  prevent injury
• What type of responses of reflexes?

  automatic
• What's a reflex arc

  The passage of information in a reflex
• Where do reflex arc's go?

  through the spinal cord
• What's a reaction time?

  the time it takes to respond to a stimulus
• What does caffeine do?

  speeds up a person's reaction time
• What are the endocrine gland?

  pituitary gland, thyroid, testis, ovaries, the pancreas, adrenal gland
• What is the pituitary gland?


  it produces hormones that regulate body conditions, they release hormones that bring out a change
• What is the thyroid?

  it produces thyroxine, which is involved in regulating things like heart rate, temperature and rate of metabolism
• What is the adrenal gland?

  it produces adrenaline and is used to prepare the body for a 'flight or fight' response
• What is the pancreas?

  produces insulin, which is used to regulate the blood glucose level
• What is the ovaries?


  produce oestrogen, which is involved in the menstrual cycle
• What is the testes?


  produce testosterone, this controls puberty, sperm and production
• what is glucose stored as and where?

  glycogen and liver
• What happens if blood glucose level gets too high?

  insulin causes glucose to move into cells then gets stored in the liver as glycogen
• What is type 1 diabetes?

  where the pancreas produces little to no insulin, type 1 people need injections of insulin throughout the day
• What is type 2 diabetes?

  is where a person becomes resistant to their own insulin, this means they still produce insulin but there body's do not respond
• What causes type 2 diabetes?

  being obese
• What is the treatment to diabetes?

  by eating carbohydrate controlled diet

  regular exercise
• What are the 4 stages in menstrual cycle?

  • the bleeding starts and the uterus lining breaks down for about four days
  • the uterus lining builds up again into a thicky spongy layer of blood vessels
  • an egg develops and is released from the ovary: ovulation
  • the wall is then maintained and if no fertilised egg has landed the cycle repeats
• What are the four hormones the menstrual cycle is controlled by?

  FSH - follicle stimulating hormone

  LH - luteinising hormone

  oestrogen

  progestrone
• What does FSH do?

  causes the egg to control in the ovaries