transcription

• nucleotides in RNA contain ribose instead of deoxyribose
• sythesis of RNA is more error prone
• RNA is single stranded
• protein synthesis RNA

  messenger, ribosomal, transfer
• gene regulation RNA

  small nuclear, micro, long noncoding
• what is the intermediate between DNA and protein

  messenger RNA
• transcription

  produces RNA complementary to strand of DNA
• introns

  dont encode protein and are spliced from pre mRNA
• exons

  contain codons
• snRNP bind to intron consensus sites, and pull exons together
• alternative splicing

  removes intons and one or more exons
• purpose of alternative splicing

  modify protein function and regulation
• DNA has TATA box and terminator sequences that indicated where to stop and start transcription
• promoter

  non coding region, next to start site, contains TATA box
• initiation of transcription

  TBP binds to TATA
• level of transcription is influenced by sequence specific transcription factors
• there is a hydroxyl group in the 2' position in RNA, making the phosphate backbone prone to breakage
• the methyl part of thymine makes it less prone to breakage