paper 1

• Why are units important in physics?

  Units are crucial for accurate calculations
• What does the prefix 'Tera' represent?

  $10^{12}$
• What does the prefix 'Giga' represent?

  $10^{9}$
• What does the prefix 'Mega' represent?

  $10^{6}$
• What does the prefix 'kilo' represent?

  $10^{3}$
• What does the prefix 'milli' represent?

  $10^{-3}$
• What does the prefix 'micro' represent?

  $10^{-6}$
• What does the prefix 'nano' represent?

  $10^{-9}$
• Why is the centi prefix highlighted?

  It shows a pattern in decreasing values
• How do you convert 40 milliamps to amps?

  40 milliamps equals $40 \times 10^{-3}$ amps
• What are the types of energy stores in physics?

  • Kinetic energy
  • Gravitational potential energy
  • Elastic potential energy
  • Internal or thermal energy
  • Chemical energy
  • Nuclear energy
  • Magnetic energy
  • Electrostatic energy
• What is a closed system in physics?

  An object where energy cannot escape or enter
• What happens to total energy in a closed system?

  Total energy remains constant
• What is kinetic energy?

  Energy of a moving object
• What is gravitational potential energy?

  Energy an object has when raised above ground
• What is elastic potential energy?

  Energy stored in a stretched or compressed spring
• What is internal or thermal energy?

  Total kinetic and potential energies of particles
• What is chemical energy?

  Energy stored in chemical bonds
• What is nuclear energy?

  Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
• What is magnetic energy?

  Energy a magnetic object has near a magnetic field
• What is electrostatic energy?

  Energy a charged object has near another charged object
• What are the methods of energy transfer?

  1. Heating
  2. Radiation
  3. Electrical work
  4. Mechanical work
• How is energy transferred by heating?

  From one object to another due to temperature difference
• How is energy transferred by radiation?

  As a wave, such as infrared radiation
• How is energy transferred by electrical work?

  By the flow of charge due to potential difference
• How is energy transferred by mechanical work?

  Due to a force moving an object through a distance
• What happens to a book falling from a shelf?

  Gravitational energy converts to kinetic energy
• What is the equation for kinetic energy?

  $KE =$$\frac{1}{2} mv^2$
• What are the units for kinetic energy?

  Joules
• What is the equation for elastic potential energy?

  $PE =$$\frac{1}{2} k e^2$
• What are the units for elastic potential energy?

  Joules
• What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?

  $GPE =$$mgh$
• What are the units for gravitational potential energy?

  Joules
• What is specific heat capacity?

  Energy to raise 1 kg by 1°C
• What is the equation for change in thermal energy?

  $\Delta E =$$m C \Delta \Theta$
• What are the units for change in thermal energy?

  Joules
• What is the equation for power?

  $P =$$\frac{E}{t}$
• What are the units for power?

  Watts
• What does the law of conservation of energy state?

  Energy cannot be created or destroyed
• What happens when energy is dissipated?

  It is transferred to less useful stores