development of the cold war

Created by

Amelia

Cards (103)

long term causes of cold war
Military reasons
- USA no 1 air force
-USSR no 1 landforce
economic reasons
-USA economy strengthened by war
- USSR replaced Germany in supporting small countries
Political reasons
- west = capitalism
- east = communism

MEP
how did the grand alliance break down?
- Americans previously sent aid to Russia during WW2
- However, Churchill disliked Stalin
- Stalin wanted more action than west willing to give
- Stalin suspicious that the west wanted to weaken the soviets
when was the foreign minister conference?
Oct + Nov 1943
who attended the foreign minister conference?
Anthony Eden, Cordell Hull, Molotov
where was the foreign minsters conference?
Moscow, Russia
what was decided at the foreign ministers conference?
- continuation of fighting Nazis
- Fascism in Italy needed to go
- Australia free after war
- Nazis would be tried for war crimes
- creation of European advisory committee
what was the impaction of the negotiations at the foreign ministers conference?
- EAC was important until dissolution
- UNs creation had long-term positive impact
- positive evidence of cooperation
What was the percentages agreement? 
a secret agreement between Stalin and Churchill in Moscow
what was decided in the percentages agreement?
Churchill proposed to split EU countries into sphere of influence
- USSR 90% Romania
- USSR 80% Bulgaria
- UK 90% Greece
- USSR 80% Hungary
What was the impact of the percentages agreement on international relations?
- Churchill called it naughty document
- Stalin kept promise for Greece but nothing else
- showed that both countries were aware of tensions and looking for compromises
when and where was the Tehran conference?
November 1943, Iran
who attended the Tehran conference?
Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill
what was agreed at the Tehran conference?
- agreement that Germany needed to unconditionally surrender
- agreement that the USSR would keep territory from 1939
- Soviets got control of Baltic States
- League of nations
when and where was the Yalta conference?
Ukraine, February 1945
Who attended the Yalta Conference?
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin
What was agreed at the Yalta conference? 
- second front had been opened
- agreement on division of germany
- agreement on reparations
- curzon line would be USSR border
- Russia agree to enter war for Japanese territory
- Stalin joined UN
When and Where was the Potsdam conference?
Germany, July-August 1945
Who attended the Potsdam conference?
Truman, Churchill, Stalin and Atlee
What was agreed at Potsdam?
1. Germany and Berlin split into 4 zones
2. Germany disarmed
3. Nazi party abolished and war criminals tried
4. Germany had to pay huge reparations
Describe key events in the western liberation of europe
- mussolini removal in 1943 - from then Italy was seen as an ally
- allied forces in france and neighbouring countries seen as liberators and brought much needed supplies in the area - clearly no intent for annexing the territories
- complex situation in Greece where communist rebels helped to liberate the country - Britain sent in troops to defeat them and support royalists
describe key events in the eastern liberation of europe
revenge - soviets plundered goods in germany while claiming it was liberating areas
political influence - direct annexation and spread of russian dominated countries such as romania, hungary, bulgaria, poland, czech, germany
- russia was given control of territories it gained in the early years of the war.
when was the Iron curtain speech?
5th March 1946
who delivered the iron curtain speech?
Winston Churchill
what did the iron curtain speech include?
- warned against expansionist attitudes of soviet union
- warned that an iron curtain had descended across europe
when was the two hostile camps speech?
february 1946
who delivered the two hostile camps speech
Stalin
what was the two hostile camps speech about?
talking about the dangers of capitalism
what were salami tactics?
By 1948, the Soviet Union had established communist regimes in all of the territories that they had "liberated" during World War Two. This process is called "Salami Tactics" because Stalin sliced away opposition bit by bit.
who wrote the long telegram?
George F. Kennan
when was the long telegram wrote?
february 1946
what did the long telegram consist of?
the key idea was that the soviet system was buoyed by the threat of a 'hostile world outside its borders' and that the USSR was hostile to the west
How was Germany divided after WW2?
During 1945, the Allies began organising their respective occupation zones in Germany. The Americans occupied the South, the British the West and North, France the South-West, and the Soviets Central Germany.
What was Bizonia? 
Combination and economic unification of the British and American zones and a new currency the Deutschmark was introduced for western zones to economy
what was trizonia? 
- French joined Bizonia in April 1949
- Created possibility of 2 distinct Germanies: one capitalist and one communist
when was the truman doctrine?
March 1947
what did the truman doctrine consist of?
- a radical change in US foreign policy
- in response to the situations in Turkey and Greece
- US aid and military advisors sent over to greece
what was the soviet reaction to the truman doctrine?
they saw it as evidence of the US wanting to expand its sphere of influence
When was the Marshall Plan?
June 1947
what was the Marshall plan?
the economic recovery package of aid from the United States to western Europe after World War II
- a 4yr $17 billion aid package
what was dollar imperialism?
The belief that the USA was using their economic might to divide Europe in two and establish an American economic empire in Europe. Stalin believed in this because if the Truman Doctrine and Marshall plan (1947).