Cells

• Plasma Membrane


  Barrier between cell's internal and external environments
• Glycocalyx


  Sugar-rich area on cell surface with various functions
• Cillia

  Whiplike cellular extensions for movement
• Cytoplasm


  Cellular material outside nucleus, site of most activities
• Organelles


  Cell's 'little organs' with specific functions
• Ribosomes


  Site of protein synthesis in the cell
• Nucleus


  Cell's control center containing genetic material
• DNA


  Genetic material in cells, carries hereditary information
• Chromosomes


  Thread-like structures in the nucleus, carry genetic information
• Prokaryotes


  Cells without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
• Eukaryotes


  Cells with a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
• Cell Wall


  Outer layer providing structure and protection in prokaryotes
• Cell Theory


  Concept stating cells are fundamental units of life
• Mitosis


  Cell division producing identical daughter cells
• Meiosis


  Cell division producing gametes with genetic variation
• Endocytosis


  Process of molecules entering the cell
• Exocytosis


  Process of molecules exiting the cell
• Apoptosis


  Programmed cell death for normal cell turnover
• Cytoskeleton


  Internal framework supporting cell shape and movement
• Lysosomes


  Membranous bags with digestive enzymes for cell waste disposal
• Mitochondria


  Cell's powerhouse, site of energy production
• Golgi Apparatus

  Modifies and packages proteins for transport
• Centrioles


  Organize microtubules during cell division
• Microtubules


  Tubular structures supporting cell shape and movement
• Microfilaments


  Thin filaments involved in cell motility and shape changes
• Nucleolus


  Structure within the nucleus involved in ribosome production