Introduction to Computer and Programming

• Computer


  An electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program
• Program


  A set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task
• Computer hardware components


  • Input device
  • Output device
  • System unit
• Input device


  Lets you communicate with a computer. You can use input devices to enter information and issue commands
• Input devices


  • Keyboard
  • Mouse
  • Microphone
  • Scanner
• Keyboard


  A standard input device of most computers, used to type data in the computer
• Mouse


  A hand-clicked device used for pointing and moving objects
• Microphone


  Used to input sound in a computer
• Scanner


  Allows to scan documents, pictures, or graphics and view them on the computer
• Output device


  Displays information on a screen, creates printed copies or generates sound
• Output devices


  • Monitor
  • Multimedia projector
  • Printer
  • Speaker
• Monitor


  Provides a soft copy output
• Multimedia projector


  A type of video projector for displaying video, images or computer data on a screen or other flat surface
• Printer


  An electronic device that prints a hard copy and stored in the computer or any other devices
• Speaker


  Plays sounds transmitted as electrical signals from the sound card
• System unit


  The part of the computer which is responsible for accepting and processing the data brought in by the input devices
• CPU


  This carries out each instruction of the program in sequence, to perform the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system.
• CMOS battery


  Powers the laptop's BIOS firmware, which is responsible for booting up the computer and configuring data flow
• Power supply


  Supplies power from the power supply to the drive. The power cables are red, yellow and black. The yellow wire furnishes 12 volts of power, the red wire furnishes 5 volts of power, the two black wire are ground wire for each
• Types of memory


  • Primary memory
  • Secondary memory
• Video card


  A board that is plugged into a computer to give it display capabilities
• CD/DVD drive


  A device that reads information stored on a compact disc, it is a storage device that use laser technology to read data from optical disks
• Floppy disk drive


  Used to stores and retrieves information on a floppy disk
• Sound card


  Enhances the computers sound generating capabilities by allowing sound to be output through speakers
• Types of software


  • System software
  • Application software
• System software


  The programs that control and manage the basic operations of a computer
• Operating system


  Controls the internal operations of the computer's hardware, manages all of the devices connected to the computer, allows data to be saved to and retrieved from storage devices, and allows other programs to run on the computer
• Application software


  Programs that make a computer useful for everyday tasks
• CMOS stands for Complementary Metal Oxide-Semi Conductor
• AGP stands for Accelerated Graphic Port
• Operating systems


  • Mac OS
  • Windows
  • Linux
• CPU stands for Central Processing Unit