Independence

• Commodore George Dewey - sailed from Hong Kong to Manila Bay leading a squadron of U.S. Navy ships.
• May 1, 1898 - the United States defeated the Spanish in the Battle of Manila Bay.
• Independence was proclaimed on June 12, 1898 between four and five in the afternoon in Cavite at the ancestral home of General Emilio Aguinaldo.
• the National Flag of the Philippines, made in Hong Kong by Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herboza.
• the performance of the Marcha Filipina Magdalo, as the national anthem, now known as Lupang Hinirang, which was composed by Julián Felipe and played by the San Francisco de Malabon marching band.
• The Act of the Declaration of Independence was prepared, written, and read by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista in Spanish.
• The Declaration was signed by ninety-eight people, among them an American army officer who witnessed the proclamation who attended the proceedings, Mr. L. M. Johnson, a Coronel of Artillery.
• The proclamation of Philippine independence was, however, promulgated on 1 August, when many towns had already been organized under the rules laid down by the Dictatorial Government of General Aguinaldo
• The declaration was not recognized by the U.S. nor Spain and Spain later sold the Philippines to the United States in the 1898 Treaty of Paris ended the Spanish-American War.
• Philippine-American War - The Philippine Revolutionary Government did not recognize the treaty or American sovereignty, and subsequently fought and lost a conflict with United States ended when Emilio Aguinaldo was captured by U.S. forces, and issued a statement acknowledging and accepting the sovereignty of the United States over the Philippines
• Following World War II, the US granted independence to the Philippines on July 4, 1946 via the Treaty of Manila.
• 1964 - President Diosdado Macapagal signed into law Republic Act No. 4166 designating June 12 as the country's Independence Day.