The Respiratory System

• Plant respiratory system adaptions

  1. Large surface area
  2. Thin
  3. Moisture
  4. Permeable
  5. Steep diffusion gradient
• Animal Respiration system adaptations

  1. Large surface area
  2. Thin walls
  3. Moist
  4. Permeable .
  5. Good blood supply
  6. A large diffusion gradient
• Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and is the release of relatively large amounts energy in cells by the breakdown of glucose
• This energy can then be used to produce heat, for movement, growth, cell division and active transport
• Aerobic respiration is exothermic
• $C6H12O6 +$$6O2 → 6CO2 +$$6H2O +$$energy$
• anaerobic respiration in muscles

  $glucose → lactic acid +$$energy$
• anaerobic respiration in yeast

  $glucose → alcohol +$$carbon dioxide +$$energy$
• $glucose +$$oxygen → carbon dioxide +$$water +$$energy$
• Anaerobic release small amounts of oxygen by the breakdown of food in the absence of oxygen
• Heart


  pumps blood through the body. takes oxygen from lungs to cells and carbon dioxide from cells to lungs for removal
• diaphragm


  contracts and drops down to draw breath in
• rib muscle and cage

  contracts to lift rib cage which helps draw air in
• trachea bronchus and bronchioles


  linked airpipes to allow oxygen in and carbon dioxide out. they have tiny hairs called cilia to trap dust mucus and microbes to fight infection
• alveoli


  2 million tiny air sacs to provide large surface area for gas exchange