is a solution that only changes slightly when an acid or a base is added to it.
For an acid-buffer solution,
it consists of a week acid and its conjugate base.
For a basic-buffer solution,
it consists of a week base and its conjugate acid.
a common ion
A common ion
is an ion that enters the solution from two different sources. Solutions to which both NaCl and AgCl have been added also contain a common ion; in this case, the Cl- ion.
The Common Ion Effect: pH.
The Common Ion Effect is the shift in equilibrium that occurs because of the addition of an ion already involved in the equilibrium reaction.
Ka1 is larger than Ka2
For common ion effect
equilibrium tends to shift to the left due to the addition of the concentration of the common ion.
