FOR MIDTERM

• Health


  State of complete well-being and not merely the absence of disease
• Primary health care

  Essential health care: Universally accessible, full participation, cost the country and affordable by the community
• Alma Ata Conference, 1st International Conference on PHC


  September 06-12, 1978
• Alma Ata Conference


  1st International Conference on PHC
• WHO (World Health Organization)


  Directing and coordinating authority in global public health within the United Nations system
• UNICEF (United Nation Children's Emergency Funds)


  Involved in Alma Ata Conference
• Letter of Instruction (LOI) 949 signed in the Philippines

  10/19/1979
• LOI 949


  The legal basis of PHC here in the Philippines, signed under the former president Marcos
• BHS (Barangay Health Station)


  Started after LOI 949
• RHU (Rural Health Unit)


  Started after LOI 949
• Mission


  Strengthening the health system, so people can manage their own health
• Key strategy to achieve the goal

  Partnership and empowerment of the people
• Four pillars of primary health care

  • Support mechanism made available
  • Community participation active
  • Appropriate technology
  • Multi-sectoral linkages
• Support mechanism made available


  3 major resources: People, Government, & Private sectors
• Community participation active

  Identify problems & needs, assumes responsibilities themselves to plan, manage, & control
• Appropriate technology


  Methods used to provide an acceptable level of service/equity product at least cost. Tools, drugs, methods, procedures, techniques, & technology
• Intrasectoral linkage


  Health to Health; communication & collaboration within health sector
• Intersectoral linkage


  Between health and other sectors
• Four A's of primary health care

  • Accessibility
  • Affordability
  • Acceptability
  • Availability
• Accessibility


  Distance required to get to health care facilities (within 30 minutes)
• Affordability


  Consideration of individual/ family/ community/ government can afford the services. Out-of-pocket expense = affordability of healthcare. Government insurance is covered thru PhilHealth
• Acceptability


  Compatible with culture & traditions
• Availability


  Health services are offered in health care facilities/ provided on a regular & organized manner
• Cost wise - economical in nature
• Complex procedures which provide a simple outcome
• Feasibility of use - Possibility of use at all times
• Scope of technology is safe & secure
• Three levels of disease prevention

  • Primary prevention
  • Secondary prevention
  • Tertiary prevention
• Primary prevention


  Most desirable form of prevention (BHS/RHU). "HEALTH PROMOTION & DISEASE PREVENTION"
• Behaviors associated with primary prevention

  • Quit Smoking
  • Avoid/limit alcohol intake
  • Exercise regularly
  • Reduce fat & increase fiber in diet
  • Take adequate fluids
  • Maintain ideal body weight
  • Complete immunization program
  • Information Dissemination (e.g. sex education among youth)
• Secondary prevention

  Prevention thru screening, early diagnostic, & treatment. Mass screening, Case Finding, Contact tracing, & Surveillance
• Behaviors associated with secondary prevention

  • Have annual physical exam
  • Regular pap smear test for women
  • Monthly breast Self-Exam for women (20 y/o and above)
  • Testicular Self-Examination after a warm bath for men
  • Sputum exam for tuberculosis
  • Annual rectal examination for clients over age 50 years
• Tertiary prevention

  Rehabilitation, prevention of disability. Continuing health supervision during rehabilitation to restore individual optimal function. Minimizing residual disability and helping client learn to live productively w/ limitations
• Behaviors associated with tertiary prevention

  • Self monitoring of blood glucose among diabetics
  • Physical therapy after CVA
  • Participate in cardiac rehabilitation after MI
  • Attend self-management education for diabetes
• Botika sa Baryo & Botika sa Health Center


  A drug outlet managed by a legitimate community organization (CO)/non-government organization (NGO) and/or the Local Government Unit (LGU), with a trained operator and a supervising pharmacist
• Administrative Order (AO) 144 of 2004

  2004
• RA 6675 or The Generic Act

  Father of Generics Act: Dr. Alfredo Bengzon
• Primary, non-prescription generic drugs listed in the Philippines National Drug Formulary (PNDF) & selected prescription drugs

  • Cotrimoxazole
  • Amoxicillin
  • Metoprolol
  • Captopril
  • Metformin
  • Glibenclamide
  • Salbutamol
• Oplan Walang Reseta Program


  Solution to the absence of a medical officer who prescribed the medicines, so PHN are given the responsibility to prescribe generic medicines
• Walong Wastong Gamot Program

  • Cotrimoxazole
  • Pyrazinamide
  • Amoxicillin
  • Paracetamol
  • Rifampicin
  • Oresol (ORS)
  • Isoniazid
  • Nifedipine