Lab Quiz 2

• what is the function of a lophophore in bryozoans and brachiopods

  cilliated tentacles used for suspension feeding
• what are the differences between brachiopoda and mollusks?

  bachiopods have two symmestrical valves and mollusks have two mirrored valves

  
  

  brachiopods have a lophophore and mollusks do not

  
  

  brachiopods are attached to substrate with the pedicle and mollusks are attached to substrate with threads
• are oligochaeta more closely related hirudinomorpha or polychaeta?

  hirudinomorpha
• metamerism in annelids is repeated equivalent features in each segment, what are the 5 metameric structures

  1. circulatory

  2. body/gut wall

  3. nervous system

  4. renal

  5. reproductive
• what is the clitellum in oligochaete

  the raised "bandaid" around the worm, produces a cocoon for the earthworms eggs
• do polychaetae have a clitellum?

  no
• what is the main difference in appendages in oligochaetes vs polychaetes?

  polychaetes have parapodia while olgiochaetes do not have parapodia
• whats the difference between the anterior and posterior sucker in hirudinomorpha (leeches)

  the posterior sucker is sued for locomotion and attachment, while the anterior sucker is used to sucking blood
• what mollusk is most closely related to gastropoda

  bivalvia
• what are the 5 unique characteristics of mollusca

  1. internal organs located in visceral mass that is enclosed by a dorsal mantle

  
  

  2. a ventral muscular foot

  
  

  3. open circulatory system (except cephalopods)

  
  

  4. well developed nervous system

  
  

  5. radula (except bivalves)
• what is a mollusk feeding adaptation not present in bivalves?

  radula
• what is a special body plan of the gastropod

  torsion of the body 180 degrees with respect to the head-foot
• squids have 8 arms and 2 tentacles, what is the difference in function between squid arms and tentacles?


  the tentacles capture the prey while the arms hold the prey near the mouth of the squid
• t or f: squid gills are ventilated by muscles not cilia

  true
• what is the defining characteristic of ecdysozoa

  molted exoskeleton
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many body segments do crustacea have

  3 segments - head (cephalon), thorax, abdomen

  BUT segments may be fused
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many body segments do hexapoda have

  3 segments - head (cephalon), thorax, abdomen
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many body segments do myriapoda have

  2 segments - head (cephalon, trunk)
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many body segments do chelicerata have

  2 segments - prosoma (cephalothorax) and opisthosoma (abdomen)
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many pairs of cephalic appendages do crustacea have

  5 pairs - 2 pairs of antennae, 1 pair of mandibles, 2 pairs of maxillae
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many pairs of cephalic appendages do hexapoda have

  4 pairs - 1 pair antennae, 1 pair mandibles, 1 pair maxillae (fused second maxillae), 1 pair lablum
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many pairs of cephalic appendages do myriapoda have

  4 pairs - 1 pair antennae, 1 pair mandibles, 2 pair maxillae
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many pairs of cephalic appendages do chelicerata have

  6 segments each with a pair of appendages including 4 pairs of legs
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many pairs of antennae do crustacea have

  2 pairs
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many pairs of antennae do hexapoda have

  1 pair
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many pairs of antennae do myriapoda have

  1 pair
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  how many pairs of antennae do chelicerata have

  none!
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  which of the following DONT have compound eyes?

  myriapoda
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  whats the difference between millipedes and centipedes

  millipedes have 2 pair of legs per body segment and centipedes have 1 pair of legs per body segment, and their first pair are fangs
• arthropoda: crustacea vs hexapoda vs myriapoda vs chelicerata

  
  

  which two have malpighian tubules

  hexapoda and myriapoda
• arthropods have a hard jointed exoskeleton which impedes growth and locomotion, what are the solutions to this problem

  muscles, sense organs, hemacoel, tagmosis, and specialized appendages

  
  

  advantages: protection
• what is the difference between barnacles and other crustaceans

  they do not molt as adults
• crustacea, malacostraca evolution:

  
  

  shrimp are fully _________ (pelagic, benthic)

  pelagic
• crustacea, malacostraca evolution:

  
  

  lobsters are __________ (pelagic, benthic)

  half pelagic half benthic
• crustacea, malacostraca evolution:

  
  

  crabs are fully _________ (pelagic, benthic)

  benthic
• what are the sea urchins most closely related to in the echinoderms

  sea cucumber
• what are the brittle stars most closely related to in the echinoderms

  sea stars
• echinodermata, asteroidea


  sea star
• echinodermata, echinoidea


  sea urchin
• echinodermata, holothuroidea


  sea cucumber