Chapter 7

• Energy


  The ability to do work
• Types of energy


  • Kinetic
  • Potential
• 1 calorie = 4.1843 joules
• Energy


  The ability to do work
• Band dissociation energy


  Energy needed to break covalent bond between 2 atoms
• Kinetic energy


  Energy of movement of matter
• Enthalpy


  Heat of a reaction
• Potential energy


  Stored energy
• 1 cal = 4.1843 J
• 1 kcal = 1000 calories
• Endothermic


  Absorbs heat (+)
• Exothermic


  Releases heat (-)
• Chemical reaction


  1. Collision

  2. Orientation

  3. Energy
• If the temperature is increased the what else is?

  increase in kinetic molecules

  increase in reaction rate
• If the concentration is increased then what else is?

  Increase in number of collisions

  increase in reaction rate
• The presence or not of Catalysts what?

  Does not affect energy or nothing
• Equilibrium is a what?

  Reverse Reaction
• In a energy diagram the transition rate is where?

  at the peak
• In a energy diagram the reaction rate is where?

  At the bottom
• • Where do reactant atoms/molecules get the energy to overcome this barrier?

  by absorbing thermal energy from their surroundings.
• What is a catalyst?


  A substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed in the reaction
• The rate of any chemical reaction can be determined by observing ?

  the amount of product formed in a unit of time
• refrigerating perishable foods affects biochemical reactions by?

  decreasing the rate of reactions affecting spoilage
• Why does decreasing the concentration decrease the rate of the

  chemical reaction?

  Decreasing the concentration decreases the number of collisions that occur and therefore decreases the rate of the chemical reaction.
• The law of conservation of energy states that?

  Energy cannot be created or destroyed
• What is the strongest bond?

  H-F
• What is the weakest bond ?

  H-I