topic three

• Realism


  Accurate, detailed, unembellished depiction of nature or of contemporary life
• Fernando Amorsolo


  • Filipino painter active in the early half of the 20th century whose masterful handling of light made him one of Asia's most prominent portraitists and landscape artists. His compositions often depict the traditional culture, customs and celebrations of the Filipino community. Popularly known as the Father of Philippine Realism for his numerous realistic paintings.
• Amorsolo created a series of paintings that captured the popular imagination, including his 1922 painting Rice Planting which soon appeared on calendars, posters, and travel brochures.
• Abstraction


  Art that does not attempt to represent an accurate depiction of a visual reality but instead use shapes, colors, forms and gestural marks to achieve its effect

  
• Pablo Picasso


  • Used abstraction in many of his paintings and sculptures, where figures are often simplified, distorted, exaggerated, or geometric
• Picasso's 1932 painting Girl Before a Mirror is considered in terms of the erotic in Picasso's art, and critics in different periods have offered their assessments of the work to show a wide range of reactions.
• Distortion


  The alteration of the original shape of something, be it a person or an object
• Henry Moore sculptures


  • Tangled representations of the human figure stretched and distorted

  
• Elongation


  Paintings that feature figures that are painted with their forms elongated much more than they are in reality
• Amedeo Modigliani, Ernie Barnes, Parmigianino


  • Artists known for using elongation in their paintings
• Parmigianino's Madonna with the Long Neck features the Madonna with an unusually elongated neck, shoulders and fingers to make her appear more elegant and graceful.
• El Greco's The Resurrection stands out with its dramatically elongated figures, bold colors and loose brush strokes, which were considered odd in the Baroque period in which it was painted.

  
• Cubism


  An art movement that rejected the inherited concept that art should copy nature, and instead dismantled traditional perspective and modeling to emphasize the two-dimensional picture plane
• Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque


  • Pioneers of the Cubist movement
• Picasso's 1907 painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon is the most famous example of Cubism, where Picasso abandoned all known form and representation of traditional art.
• Analytical Cubism


  Analyzed the use of rudimentary shapes and overlapping planes to depict the separate forms of the subjects in a painting

  
• Synthetic Cubism


  Included characteristics like simple shapes, bright colors, and little to no depth, and incorporated real objects into the paintings

  
• Abstract Expressionism


  An artistic movement of the mid-20th century emphasizing an artist's liberty to convey attitudes and emotions through nontraditional and usually nonrepresentational means
• Abstract Expressionism


  • Encompassed two broad groupings: (1) "action painters" who focused on an intensely expressive style of gestural painting, and (2) those concerned with reflection and mood
• Jackson Pollock


  • Created his first "drip" painting in 1947, applying thinned paint in a radical new approach of pouring, dripping, dribbling, scumbling, flicking, and splattering onto unprimed, unstretched canvas

  
• Jackson Pollock's painting style

  • Loose, rapid, dynamic, or forceful handling of paint in sweeping or slashing brushstrokes
  • Techniques partially dictated by chance, such as dripping or spilling the paint directly onto the canvas

  
• Pollock created his first "drip" painting


  1947

  
• Pollock created Autumn Rhythm


  1950
• Autumn Rhythm


  A nonrepresentational picture where thinned paint was applied to unprimed, unstretched canvas that lay flat on the floor rather than propped on an easel

  
• Pollock's painting technique


  1. Poured

  2. Dripped

  3. Dribbled

  4. Scumbled

  5. Flicked

  6. Splattered

  7. Used sticks, trowels, knives, anything but the traditional painter's implement to build up dense, lyrical compositions comprised of intricate skeins of line

  
• Autumn Rhythm


  • No central point of focus, no hierarchy of elements, every bit of the surface is equally significant
• Color Field Painting


  A major development in abstract painting, the first style to resolutely avoid the suggestion of a form or mass standing out against a background

  
• Color Field Painting


  Figure and ground are one, the space of the picture, conceived as a field, seems to spread out beyond the edges of the canvas

  
• Rothko's approach


  Balancing large portions of washed colors
• Rothko's view of color


  Color is a mere instrument that served a greater purpose, his fields of color were spiritual planes that could tap into our most basic human emotions
• Symbolism


  An intellectual form of expression, artists inject their compositions with messages and esoteric references
• Symbolist subjects


  • Sensual issues, religious feelings, occultism, love, death, disease and sin, decadence
• Women in Belgian Symbolism

  Embody all the duality and ambiguity of the world, variously angel, muse, temptress, femme fatale
• Fauvism


  A style of painting where color is used to express the artist's feelings about a subject, rather than simply to describe what it looks like

  
• Fauvism


  • Bold, intense, unmodulated colors, simplified drawing into shapes and forms
• Expressionism


  Art that is more associated with emotion or feeling than with literal interpretation of a subject, uses vivid colors, distortion, two-dimensional subjects that lack perspective
• Expressionist artists


  • Vincent Van Gogh, Edvard Munch
• Dadaism


  An artistic protest movement with an anti-establishment manifesto, embracing elements of art, music, poetry, theatre, dance and politics
• Dadaist art


  • Satirical and nonsensical in nature, embracing and critiquing modernity
• Duchamp's L.H.O.O.Q.


  An altered postcard reproduction of the Mona Lisa, with a moustache and goatee added, alluding to gender role-reversals and the androgynous nature of creativity