Exam 3

• Renal pyramids fill most of the volume of the —. 

  1. Renal medulla 
  2. Renal cortex
  3. Cortical labyrinths 
  4. Medullary rays 
  5. Cortical columns

  renal medulla
• Most people are aware that smoking cigarettes stimulates increased mucus production along the respiratory tract. (This is a true statement). Which of the following is MOST LIKELY the source of the excess mucus? 

  1. Goblet cells 
  2. Type I pneumocytes 
  3. Type II pneumocytes 
  4. Macrophages 
  5. Ciliated columnar epithelial cells

  goblet cells
• In the stomach’s gastric glands, — cells have their nuclei located in the center of the cell, surrounded on all sides by an eosinophilic cytoplasm. 

  1. Enterochromaffin cells 
  2. Chief cells 
  3. Parietal cells 
  4. Surface mucous cells 
  5. Neck cells

  chief cells
• The conducting zone includes all of the air passages from the — to the —. 

  1. External nares / terminal bronchioles 
  2. Trachea / terminal bronchioles
  3. Larynx / trachea 
  4. Respiratory bronchioles / alveolar sacs 
  5. Pharynx / primary bronchi
  6. trachea / terminal bronchioles
• Nerves, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels pass into and out of the kidneys through the —. 

  1. Renal capsule 
  2. Area cribrosa 
  3. Renal hilus 
  4. Urinary bladder 
  5. Renal pelvis

  renal hilus
• The — sphincter separates the stomach from the small intestine. 

  1. Cardiac 
  2. Ileocolic 
  3. Ileocecal 
  4. Pyloric 
  5. Oral

  pyloric
• A — represents the terminal portion of a renal pyramid and is located in a minor calyx. 

  1. Medullary ray 
  2. Renal papilla 
  3. Renal pelvis 
  4. Renal sinus 
  5. Renal column

  renal papilla
• An alkaline mucus is secreted by — glands. 

  1. Gastric 
  2. Brunner’s 
  3. Intestinal 
  4. Esophageal 
  5. Perianal

  Brunner's
• One feature that is seen more in the hypodermis than in any other part of the skin is —. 

  1. Hair follicles 
  2. Melanocytes 
  3. Meissner’s corpuscles 
  4. Sebaceous glands 
  5. Adipose tissue
  6. adipose tissue
• Tall narrow cylindrical villi are characteristic of —. 

  1. The duodenum 
  2. The jejunum 
  3. The ileum 
  4. The stomach 
  5. All of the small intestine

  the duodenum
• Moving down the colon through the rectoanal junction, the epithelium changes from —. 

  1. Simple columnar to stratified columnar 
  2. Simple columnar to pseudostratified 
  3. Simple columnar to simple cuboidal 
  4. Simple columnar to keratinized stratified squamous 
  5. Pseudostratified to simple columnar

  simple columnar to stratified columnar
• The papillary layer is part of the —. 

  1. Epidermis 
  2. Dermis 
  3. Hypodermis 
  4. Superficial fascia 
  5. None of the above

  dermis
• Which of the following should be absent in sections of tongue? 

  1. Skeletal muscle tissue 
  2. Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium 
  3. Salivary glands 
  4. Taste buds
  5. None of the above are correct. All of the other items should be present in the tongue.

  none of the above
• Keratohyalin is formed in the — of the skin. 

  1. Hyaline cartilage 
  2. Stratum granulosum 
  3. Stratum lucidum 
  4. Stratum corneum 
  5. Stratum reticularis

  stratum granulosum
• The esophageal adventitia looks most similar to: 

  1. A simple squamous epithelium 
  2. A basement membrane 
  3. Loose connective tissue 
  4. A pseudostratified epithelium 
  5. The mesentery

  loose connective tissue
• A simple squamous epithelium lines the —. 

  1. Alveoli 
  2. Respiratory mucosa 
  3. Terminal bronchioles 
  4. Olfactory mucosa 
  5. More than one of the above is correct.

  alveoli
• Along the gut, the muscularis mucosae separates the — from the —. 

  1. Longitudinal muscularis mucosa / serosa 
  2. Mucosal epithelium / lamina propria 
  3. Circular muscularis externa / longitudinal muscularis mucosa 
  4. Submucosa / circular muscularis externa 
  5. Lamina propria / submucosa

  mucosal epithelium / lamina propria
• Gas exchange does NOT occur (to a significant degree) 

  1. In alveoli 
  2. Along respiratory bronchioles 
  3. Along the respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity 
  4. Along alveolar ducts 
  5. None of the above are correct answers: significant amounts of gas exchange occurs in all of these locations

  none of the above
• Vibrissae are found in the —. 

  1. Olfactory epithelium 
  2. Nasal vestibule 
  3. Respiratory epithelium 
  4. Trachea
  5. Filiform papillae

  nasal vestibule
• Inhaled air is cleaned, warmed and humidified as it travels through the —. 

  1. Trachea 
  2. Bronchioles 
  3. Nasal cavity 
  4. Nasal vestibule 
  5. Alveoli

  nasal cavity
• Peyer’s patches are typically seen along the —. 

  1. Jejunum 
  2. Ileum 
  3. Duodenum 
  4. Ascending colon 
  5. Descending colon

  ileum
• Which of the following are commonly found in the stratum basale of the epidermis and are not more abundant in other layers of the epidermis? (MORE THAN ONE ANSWER IS CORRECT. MARK ALL THAT APPLY.)

  1. Keratinocytes 
  2. Merkel cells 
  3. Melanocytes 
  4. Meissner’s corpuscles 
  5. Langerhans cells

  keratinocytes

  merkel cells
• Enterochromaffin cells are known for their ability to: 

  1. Produce and secrete steroids 
  2. Produce and secrete amines 
  3. Absorb nutrients 
  4. Phagocytize gut pathogens 
  5. Produce and secrete digestive enzymes

  produce and secrete amines
• The — is a pale half-moon shaped area visible through the fingernail. 

  1. Lunula
  2. Eponychium 
  3. Matrix 
  4. Nail bed 
  5. Cuticle

  lunula
• C-shaped cartilaginous rings are located along the —. 

  1. Nasal passage 
  2. Esophagus 
  3. Trachea 
  4. Primary bronchi 
  5. Tertiary bronchi

  trachea
• If you want to find apocrine sweat glands, you should look at tissue from the —-. 

  1. Lip 
  2. Palm 
  3. Scalp 
  4. Arm pit 
  5. Forehead

  arm pit
• Along the brush border of the gut, the most abundant cells, the cells that give the brush border its name, are —. 

  1. Ciliated pseudostratified epithelial cells 
  2. Simple columnar cells with microvilli 
  3. Goblet cells 
  4. M cells 
  5. “Mr. Brushy” cells (please don’t pick this)

  simple columnar cells with microvilli
• The main salivary glands are — glands. 

  1. Straight tubular 
  2. Coiled tubular 
  3. Single-celled 
  4. Compound acinar 
  5. Simple acinar

  compound acinar
• Dermatoglyphs are caused by the presence of —. 

  1. Hair follicles 
  2. Arrector pili muscles 
  3. Lunulas 
  4. Dermal ridges 
  5. Hypodermal adipose tissue

  dermal ridges
• Crypts of Lieberkuhn are found along the —. (MORE THAN ONE ANSWER IS CORRECT. MARK ALL THAT APPLY.) 

  1. Duodenum 
  2. Pyloric stomach 
  3. Jejunum 
  4. Transverse colon 
  5. Cardiac stomach

  duodenum

  jejunum
• Sebum is produced by 

  1. The nail bed 
  2. The hair follicle matrix 
  3. Sebaceous glands 
  4. Apocrine sweat glands 
  5. The stratum granulosum

  sebaceous glands
• Cells of the epidermal stratum — appear prickly on their edges due to a combination of artifactual cell shrinkage and desmosomes binding cells together. 

  1. Lucidum 
  2. Granulosum 
  3. Spinosum 
  4. Coreneum 
  5. Basale

  spinosum
• Villi are the tallest in the —. 

  1. Ascending colon 
  2. Pylorus 
  3. Jejunum 
  4. Ileum 
  5. Duodenum

  duodenum
• The epithelial lining of the ureter is most similar to the lining of the —. 

  1. Small intestine 
  2. Urinary bladder 
  3. Nephron 
  4. Esophagus
  5. Trachea

  urinary bladder
• Lots of microvilli are found along —. 

  1. Loops of Henle 
  2. Afferent arterioles 
  3. Distal convoluted tubule 
  4. Proximal convoluted tubules 
  5. Efferent arterioles

  proximal convoluted tubules
• The respiratory zone includes all of the air passages from the — to the —. 

  1. External nares / larynx 
  2. Respiratory bronchioles / alveolar sacs 
  3. Pharynx / primary bronchi 
  4. External nares / terminal bronchioles 
  5. Trachea / terminal bronchioles

  respiratory bronchioles / alveolar sacs
• How deeply do gastric pits and gastric glands penetrate into the wall of the stomach? 

  1. The glands being in the lamina propria and extend across the muscularis mucosa into the submucosa
  2. The pits and glands are restricted only in the lamina propria 
  3. The pits lead all the way into and across the muscularis mucosa, where the pits connect to the glands located only in the deep submucosa. 
  4. The gastric glands are positioned between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers 
  5. None of the above are correct because there are no glands associated with the gastric pits.

  C
• In their tissue composition, dermal papillae are most similar to —. 

  1. Renal papillae 
  2. Fungiform papillae 
  3. Epidermal pegs 
  4. Hypodermis 
  5. Dermal ridges

  renal papillae
• — cells are found dispersed inside a glomerulus, and can be identified from other nearby cells by their location and because they have smaller, more heterochromatic nuclei. 

  1. Mesangial cells 
  2. Bowman’s parietal layer cells 
  3. Macula densa cells 
  4. Podocytes 
  5. Glomerular endothelial cells.

  mesangial cells
• Hair follicles are found along the epithelium lining the —. 

  1. Olfactory epithelium 
  2. Nasal conchae 
  3. Respiratory epithelium 
  4. Nasal vestibules 
  5. Pharynx

  nasal vestibules