Emergency Powers of 1881

• Alexander III implemented emergency powers in 1881 that were never removed.
• These powers were known as the Statute Concerning Measures for the Protection of State Security and the Social Order.
• A new secret police known as the Okhrana was to be established with wider powers and they would carry out repression alongside the Gendarmerie.
• Special courts were introduced for the prosecution of suspected terrorists.
• Censorship was increased.
• Judges, magistrates and elected officials that were deemed to be too liberal were removed.
• An individual could be imprisoned without trial for up to 3 months.
• Any district thought to be a risk could be placed under military rule.
• Public and private gatherings could be dispersed and shops and factories close down if there was any suspicion of opposition activities.
• Alexander III also forced the resignation of some of his father’s more reforming ministers such as Minister of the Interior Loris-Melikov and Minister of War Dmitri Milyutin.