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Chemistry
synthetic routes
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Created by
Yasmin Murphy
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Cards (35)
alcohol to alkene
conc H2SO4
/
H3PO4
&
heat
alcohol to aldehyde
primary alcohol
distil
K2Cr2O7
/
H+
alcohol
to
ketone
secondary alcohol
reflux
K2Cr2O7
/
H+
aldehyde to carboxylic acid
K2Cr2O7
/
H+
reflux
alcohol to ester
add
carboxylic acid
/
acyl chloride
acid catalyst
heat
alcohol to haloalkane
halogen salt
(NaCl)
H2SO4
heat
alkene to alcohol
steam
H3PO4 catalyst
heat
alkene to alkane
H2
nickel
(
Ni
)
catalyst
heat
alkene to haloalkane
HBr
/
HCl
20
degrees
alkane to haloalkane
halogen
(
Br2
/
Cl2
)
UV light
haloalkane to alcohol
warm
NaOH
H2O
reflux
haloalkane to amine
excess ammonia
/
NH3
heat
haloalkane to nitrile
NaCN
ethanol
reflux
aldehyde to alcohol
NaBH4
water
ketone to alcohol
NaBH4
water
carbonyl to hydroxynitrile
HCN
hydroxynitrile to amine
Ni
/
nickel
H2
nitrile to carboxylic acid
dilute HCl
reflux
hydroxynitrile to carboxylic acid
dilute HCl
reflux
carboxylic acid to ester
add
alcohol
acid catalyst
heat
ester to alcohol
dilute acid
or
alkali
reflux
ester to carboxylic acid
dilute acid
or
alkali
reflux
carboxylic acid to acyl chloride
SOCl2
acyl chloride to carboxylic acid
cold H2O
acyl chloride to primary amide
NH3
HEAT
acyl chloride to secondary amide
amine
20 degrees
benzene to halobenzene
Br2
/
halogen
halogen
carrier (
AlBr3
)
acid catalyst
(
H2SO4
)
benzene to nitrobenzene
conc HNO3
conc H2SO4
heat
nitrobenzene to phenylamine
Sn
/
tin
conc HCl
benzene to alkyl benzene (a methyl group added)
CH3Cl
/
haloalkane
halogen
carrier /
AlCl3
benzene to phenylketone (ketone on a benzene)
CH3COCl
/
acyl chloride
halogen
carrier /
AlCl3
phenol to sodium phenoxide (the O- Na+ one)
NaOH
phenol to tribromophenol
bromine water
/
Br2
phenol to nitrophenol
dilute HNO3
phenol to phenylester
acyl chloride