AP

• British

  • prioritized the promotion of Western education
  • throughout India
  • Christian morality
• Thomas Macaulay

  • Father of English education in India
  • speech on the 1833 Charter Act
• Utilitarians

  • believe that poverty and ignorance ware often product of bad laws
  • pushed for good legislation
• The perception that Indian life was governed by baseless superstition and idolatry manifested the British’s ignorance of Indian history and culture
• Culling from Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection
• Social Darwinism - only the fittest survive
• Western powers

  • believed that they were superior
  • it was but natural that they dominate the rest of humanity
• the end of world war II

  • ushered in a new world
  • only two emerged as superpowers
  • United States and the Soviet Union
• Vis-a-vis - compared to
• International relations

  • the object of interstate conflict was the complete capitulation of the enemy
• new technology of warfare

  • made the use of absolute force necessary
• ideological beliefs

  • split of the international community between the free world and communist bloc
• utopian vision of the United States

  • organized under a law
  • freedom of the states were limited by individual and group obligation to all of humanity
• Utopian vision of communism

  • classless and stateless society
  • all men would live in relatively unfettered brotherhood
• democracy

  • Individual was the center of all doctrine and policy
• communism

  • importance of protecting its existing beachheads
  • means of persuasion, subversion, or war
• United states

  • two fundamental concepts

  1. free will
  2. personal responsibility for action