ocr psychology

• What is normative conformity ?


  Changing behaviour but not thoughts/ opinions
• what’s informational conformity ?


  changing behaviour and thoughts / opinions
• what’s collective behaviour?


  two or more people coming together collectively
• What’s obedience ?


  Following orders from someone we perceive as having more authority than us
• What’s an authority figure ?


  Someone we percieve as having more power than ourselves
• What percentage of participants were willing to obey the researcher in Milgrams study of obedience ?

  65%
• what’s agency theory?


  When the legitimate authority says they will take responsibly for any consequences
• what’s an autonomous state ?


  They feel responsible for their actions
• What’s an agenetic state ?

  they do not feel responsible for their own actions
• what’s a situational factor ?


  the external influences that affect behaviour
• what’s altruism ?

  helping someone and not expecting rewards
• what countries is pro-social behaviour decreased in ?


  individualist countries
• what’s free will ?


  The idea that we control our own destiny and can change our behaviour and ways of thinking
• What’s determinism?


  The idea that how we think and behaviour is determined by outside forces such as genetics and environmental influences
• what’s an individualist culture ?


  needs of individuals come before needs of groups
• What’s a collectivist culture ?


  Needs of group comes before needs of individuals
• What was the aim of bickmans study ?

  To see if uniform affects obedience
• What experiment / method type was used for bickmans study ?

  field experiment- street in Brooklyn NYC
• What’s bias ?


  when certain types of people are over presented in a piece of research while others are under-represented
• What’s cultural bias ?


  When one culture is favoured over another in research
• What’s gender bias ?


  When one gender is favoured over another in research
• What’s oppurtunity sampling ?

  A sample selected based on convenience
• What’s deindividuation?

  People lose their sense of identity and feel anonymous in a crowd
• What’ s an internal locus of control ?


  People believe they have the ability to control their decisions, any success or failure is due to the choices they’ve made
• What’s an authoritarian personality ?


  A personality type that is very obedient to authority
• What’s generalisabilty?


  The ability to draw conclusions that apply to a larger group or outside of research
• What’s reductionism?


  Viewing human behaviour from a simple perspective
• What’s validity ?


  A measure of how true or accurate something is
• What’s a nudge factor ?


  Things that encourage people to get involved
• What’s a tug factor ?


  Things that discouraged people from getting involved
• What’s a self report ?


  A method that involves participants reporting on themselves through answering questions
• What’s social desirability ?


  The pressure to respond to questions in a way that is acceptable and expected
• What’s a minority influence ?


  The idea that small groups or people can change the opinion and belief of others
• How many types of crime are there ?

  5
• What’s a violent offence ?


  Aggressive crimes resulting in physical harm or death to the victim
• whats a drug related offence?


  Crimes involving trading in or using illegal substances
• What’s an acquisitive offence ?


  Crimes where capital or belongings are acquired through illegal means
• What’s a sexual offence ?


  Crimes where a victim is forced to commit or submit to a sexual act against their will
• What’s an anti-social offence ?


  Criminal acts that harassment, alarm or distress to people who do not share a home with the perpetrator
• What’s subjectivity ?


  Based on personal opinion rather than fact