electricity

• Ammeter


  Used to measure the current flowing through
• Components


  • Potential difference across
• Voltmeter


  Measures the potential difference flowing through components
• Cells


  Provide energy for electric devices to function
• Batteries


  Made out of one or more cells connected together
• Batteries


  • 2 cell battery
  • 3 cell battery
• Batteries can be used to power electrical vehicles
• Circuit diagrams


  Represent the components and connections in an electrical circuit
• When a circuit has been correctly connected, an electric current flows
• Electric current in a wire


  A flow of electrons
• More electrons flowing through a wire each second

  Greater current
• Voltmeter circuit diagram


  Used to measure potential difference
• Potential difference


  A measure of how much energy the charge transfers
• Potential difference is measured using a voltmeter
• Volts


  How much energy there is to be transferred
• Electricity


  The presence of a flow of charged particles
• Electrons are negatively charged particles
• Insulators


  Materials that do not conduct electricity
• Electrons are good conductors of electricity
• Current


  A flow of charge
• Resistance


  A measure of how difficult it is for the charge to flow through a component
• Materials with a low resistance are conductors, materials with a high resistance are insulators
• Potential difference


  Current x Resistance
• The current is the flow of electrons around a circuit.
• Electricity can be produced by chemical reactions, nuclear reactions or mechanical energy.
• A battery produces electrical potential difference (voltage) due to its chemical composition.
• Increasing the length of the wires increases the resistance of the circuit.
• If there is more resistance in the circuit then less current will be able to pass through the components.
• When a switch is closed, the bulb lights up because there is now a complete pathway for the electric current to travel along.