Derm

• What is the recommended treatment for dermatophyte nail infections?

  Oral terbinafine
• What should be used for impetigo if hydrogen peroxide is unsuitable?

  Topical fusidic acid
• What is the most important prognostic factor for melanoma?

  The invasion depth of the tumour
• What is eczema herpeticum and how is it treated?

  It is serious and requires IV antivirals
• In which demographic are keloid scars more common?

  Young, black, male adults
• Where are keloid scars most commonly found?

  On the sternum
• What are the characteristics of lichen planus?

  Purple, pruritic, papular, polygonal rash
• What is Wickham's striae associated with?

  Lichen planus
• What is commonly seen in lichen sclerosus?

  Itchy white spots on the vulva
• What distinguishes bullous pemphigoid from pemphigus vulgaris?

  Presence of mucosal involvement in pemphigus
• What is the recommended treatment for acne vulgaris during pregnancy?

  Oral erythromycin
• What are the treatment options for moderate-severe acne?

  • Topical adapalene + topical benzoyl peroxide
  • Topical tretinoin + topical clindamycin
  • Topical adapalene + topical benzoyl peroxide + oral lymecycline or doxycycline
  • Topical azelaic acid + oral lymecycline or doxycycline
• Who should avoid oral tetracyclines?

  Pregnant or breastfeeding women and children under 12
• What malignancy is most commonly associated with acanthosis nigricans?

  Gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma
• Why is it important to screen patients with alopecia areata?

  To check for other autoimmune conditions
• What is the Parkland formula used for?

  Calculating IV fluid volume for burn resuscitation
• Are IV fluids required for first-degree burns?

  No, they are not required
• What can topical corticosteroids cause in darker skin?

  Patchy depigmentation
• What are the characteristic lesions of acne vulgaris?

  Open and closed comedones, pustules, nodules
• What is the likely diagnosis for an uncircumcised man with a tight white ring around the foreskin?

  Lichen sclerosus
• When should superficial dermal burns covering >3% TBSA be referred?

  To secondary care
• What condition is acanthosis nigricans associated with?

  Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• What should be the first-line treatment for mild-moderate acne vulgaris?

  Topical combination therapy
• What is required for severe acne?

  Specialist dermatology referral
• Under what supervision must oral isotretinoin be used?

  Under specialist supervision
• What is the oral antibiotic of choice for treating erythrasma?

  Erythromycin
• Which bacteria contributes to the development of acne?

  Propionibacterium acnes
• What is the first-line treatment for lichen planus?

  Potent topical steroids
• What does Hutchinson's sign indicate?

  Acral lentiginous melanoma
• What is the most common type of melanoma?

  Superficial spreading melanoma
• How does nodular melanoma present?

  As a red or black lump that oozes
• What is a characteristic of nodular melanoma?

  It invades aggressively and metastasizes early
• What can hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia cause?

  Pulmonary, hepatic, cerebral, and spinal AVMs
• What must be monitored during inpatient treatment for erythroderma?

  Complications like dehydration and infection
• What are actinic keratoses?

  Premalignant lesions from sun exposure
• What does the Koebner phenomenon cause?

  Molluscum contagiosum lesions at injury sites
• When is ultrasound necessary for lipoma diagnosis?

  If it is > 5cm
• What should be done if initial topical treatment for athlete's foot fails?

  Oral antifungal treatment is indicated
• What does Wallace's Rule of Nine calculate?

  • Surface area percentage of burns
  • Each of the following is 9%:
  • Head + neck
  • Each arm
  • Each anterior part of leg
  • Each posterior part of leg
  • Anterior chest
  • Posterior chest
  • Anterior abdomen
  • Posterior abdomen
• What is a side effect of ketoconazole?

  Gynecomastia