Haematology

• 4 pint of blood


  1 unit of FFP
• Crossmatch


  1. Test donor blood against patient plasma

  2. Determine if unit of blood compatible with patient

  3. Observe agglutination
• Extravascular HTR


  • RBC bound with IgG/C3b act as opsonin attract phagocyte
  • Complement reach C3b
  • RBC can be removed
  • Macrophage IgG Fc +C3b receptor
  • Macrophage remove Ab bound to Ag + C3b hole in RBC
  • Liver C3b + Spleen IgG removal
• Intravascular HTR


  • Release Hb in plasma organ failure
• Complement System


  1. 2IgG/IgM bind to RBC Ag

  2. C1 attach to Ab activation

  3. C1 inhibitor to stop

  4. C1 cleave C2+C4

  5. C2a/b+C4a/b

  6. C4b2b (C3 Convertase)

  7. C2b+C4b

  8. C3 Convertase cleave C3-C5 convertase

  9. C3b bind to membrane

  10. Opsonin attract phagocyte

  11. Stop Complement; macrophage remove RBC by binding to membrane

  12. CS activated by CS Convertase → C5a/b

  13. C5b bind to membrane RBC 06 +C7 bind to C5b

  14. C6C7C5b inserted into lipid bilayer C8 binding

  15. Ca x in pore-like structure hole in RBC

  16. Allow ion+H20 movement (loss of gradient-osmotic)-swell + burst
• Special Requirement -irridated + Leukodepleted
• In emergency o/k issued
• Pregnancy-anti D administered if mum RhD
• Haemolytic disease of foetus + Newborn

  • Paternal gene foetus express Ag mum doesn't have
  • Maternal cell produce Ab against it
  • Baby RhD+
  • IgG pass through placenta attach to foetal RBC Ag → Spleen
  • Destroy anaemia