Geography

• Where is Istanbul located?

  North West Turkey (very close to Greece)
• What divides Istanbul into two halves?

  Bosporus Straight
• What continent is the East half of Istanbul in?

  Asia
• What continent is the West half of Istanbul in?


  Europe
• Which sea is Istanbul on the coast of?

  Sea of Marmara
• What is the current population of Istanbul?

  15 million
• What is the population expected to be by 2025?


  20 million
• What was the population in 1950?

  1 million
• What two things caused the population growth in Istanbul?

  Migration of Turks looking for jobs and migration of people from other countries trying to get to Europe (Syrian War)
• Ecotourism


  a type of sustainable development that aims to conserve the natural environment while creating local employment
• Ecotourism doesn't


  Damage the environment
• Ecotourism is on a relatively

  small scale
• Ecotourism consults


  the local community about panned developments
• ecotourism ensures that


  infrastructure improvements benefit local people as well as tourists
• no heavy machinery was used


  during the construction of the retreat
• The nature retreat only employs


  local people
• The drinking water used at the retreat


  comes from natural springs
• The timber used to build the retreat

  came from an afforestation project in Costa Rica.
• The rainwater collected on rooftops


  is used for toilets and showers
• The building fit between trees in the forest

  so no old trees were destroyed
• Natural light and ventilation

  Reduce energy use
• Only biodegradable


  soap, detergents and shampoo are allowed
• Samasati Nature retreat offers lots of

  ecotourist activities
• Bird watching

  Allows tourists to experience the wildlife in rainforest without damaging the environment
• Canopy exploration (on a zip-wire)

  Provides an exiting activity that has minimal impact on the environment
• horseback riding

  allows tourists to explore the rainforest without using cars
• sea and river kayaking

  use the natural rivers and sea to provide an activity with minimal impact on the environment
• white-water rafting

  use the natural rivers and sea to provide an activity with minimal impact on the environment
• Yoga and meditation


  has no impact on the enviromnent
• Chemical weathering involves reactions between minerals in rock and water or air to form new compounds.
• Physical weathering is the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces without changing their composition.
• The main types of weathering are physical, chemical, and biological.