part 4

• Glandular Epithelium


  • Consist of a single cell or group of cells
  • Secrete substances into ducts, onto a surface or into blood
  • Classified according to where they secrete substances
  • Secretion is the main function
• Endocrine glands


  • Secrete directly into the blood via traversing interstitial fluid
  • Pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid
  • Distant strong effects
  • Hormones pass through the follicles in thyroid, into the blood and then body
• How hormones circulate and control metabolism in the body

  Hormones pass through the follicles in thyroid, into the blood and then body
• Exocrine Glands


  • Secrete into ducts that empty onto the surface of a covering or lining epithelium
  • Sweat and salivary glands, oil glands, wax glands and pancreas
  • Local effects
  • Have tubes and docs so secretion occurs in these ductal structures
  • Whatever is made is carried inside a tube and gets deposited somewhere outside
• The pancreas is an organ with exocrine and endocrine glandular tissues
• Endocrine part of the pancreas


  • Islets of Langerhans make insulin and other hormones
  • Insulin goes into the blood vessel and gets shunted off
• Exocrine part of the pancreas

  • Secretary parts of the pancreas make digestive enzymes
  • They got into a duct where they all aggregate together and traverse somewhere
  • They go down a long duct and get expelled into the inside of the intestine
  • This leads to enzymes breaking down foods we just ingested
• Exocrine Glandular epithelium


  • These can be singular or multicellular
• Single-cell exocrine glands


  • Independent and scattered gland cells
  • These individual secretor cells are called mucous cells
  • Secrete mucin
  • Goblet cells are a type of mucous single-cell exocrine gland
• Not all mucous cells are goblet-shaped
• Multicellular exocrine glands


  • 3 characteristics are used to describe the structure: structure of duct, structure of the secretory area, and the relationship between the two
• Multicellular exocrine gland structures

  • Simple
  • Tubular
  • Alveolar
  • Compound
• Simple tubular


  • Intestinal glands
• Simple coiled tubular


  • Merocrine sweat glands
• Simple branched tubular


  • Gastric glands
  • Mucous glands of the oesophagus, tongue, duodenum
• Simple alveolar


  • Stage in the embryonic development of simple branched glands
• Simple branched alveolar


  • Sebaceous (oil) glands
• Compound tubular


  • Mucous glands in the mouth
  • Bulbourethral glands in the male reproductive system
  • Seminiferous tubules of testes
• Compound alveolar


  • Mammary glands
• Compound tubuloalveolar


  • Salivary glands
  • Glands of respiratory passages
  • Pancreas