Lesson 2 - Plant Systematics

• What is a Species?

  A group of similar organisms capable of interbreeding and produce fertile offspring.
• Biological Species Concept - defines a species taxon as a group of organisms that can successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
• What is the scientific name of Butterfly Pea?

  Clitoria ternatea
• Carolus Linnaeus - Swedish scientist (doctor and botanist) born in 1707. He is called the "Father of Systematic Botany". Established modern system of nomenclature.
• Linnaeus legacy

  • His binomial system of nomenclature, in which the genus and species name are used.
  • He classified 10,000 plants and animals, published the book Systema Naturae (first edition) in 1735, and many of the names he first proposed are still in use today.
• Species that have many characteristics in common are grouped into a genus
• Related genera that share combinations of traits are grouped into families.
• Families are grouped into orders.
• Orders into classes
• Classes into divisions (or phyla for animals).
• Related divisions/phyla are grouped into kingdoms
• All kingdoms are grouped into domain.
• Scientific names

  Kingdom - Plantae

  Division -Tracheophyta

  Class - Liliopsida

  Order - Poales

  Family - Pocaeae

  Genus – Oryza L.

  Species – Oryza sativa L.
• SYSTEMATICS - The scientific study of biological diversity and its evolutionary history.
• Taxonomic Groups

  Monophyletic taxon - includes a group of organisms descended from a sing ancestor.
• Taxonomic Groups

  Polyphyletic taxon - is composed of unrelated organisms descended from more than one ancestor.
• Taxonomic Groups

  Paraphyletic taxon - includes the most recent common ancestor, but not all of its descendants.
• A taxon (pl. taxa) is any group of organisms that is given a formal taxonomic name.