Plant cell specialisation

• Hairs of the root increase surface area so it can absorb water and dissolved minerals more effectively
• Root hair cells do not contain chloroplasts because they are underground
• Xylem are found in the plant stem. They form long tubes.
• The xylem carry water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leave
• Xylem cells have very thick walls containing lignin. This provides support to the plant
• The cell walls are sealed with lignin, this causes the xylem cells to die.
• Phloem tubes carry dissolved sugars up and down the plant
• The end walls of the Phloem vessel have pores called sieve plates, these allow dissolved sugars to move through the cell interior