Northern Rebellion

• The Northern Rebellion took place between 1569 and 1570.
• Causes

  • Thomas Percy - Earl of Northumberland.
  • Charles Neville - Earl of Westmoorland.
  • Thomas Howard - Duke of Norfolk.
  • Restore Catholicism.
  • Lost their power, been replaced and losing money.
  • New Protestant Bishop in Durham - made Catholics angry.
  • Jealous of Cecil's power (member of the Privy Council)
• Events

  • Duke.Norfolk (backed by Spain) to marry MQS, overthrow Elizabeth.
  • Westmoorland escapes to Europe & dies poor.
  • Northumberland escapes to Scotland - sent back to England & executed.
  • Dudley (member of PC, Earl of Leicester, rival with Cecil) felt guilty told Elizabeth.
  • MQS is moved to Coventry.
  • Duke put in prison.
  • Capture Hartlepool.
  • Catholic rebel by celebrating mass.
  • Spain never turned up.
• Consequences

  • Some northern counties loyal to Elizabeth.
  • 700 rebels are executed.
  • Proves Mary cannot be trusted.
  • Catholic rebels need to be controlled.
  • Leads to 15 years of religious rebellions.
  • New Council of the North is appointed.
  • Pope condemns Elizabeth to hell and excommunicates her from the Catholic Church with a Papal Bull (issued 1570).