NUR 097 - Breast and Axillae

• Areola


  Tip of the breast
• Nipple


  Center of the areola
• Lactiferous


  Milk producing 15-20
• Lobules


  Milk is secreted
• Glandular tissue

  Milk stored
• Fibrous connective tissue

  Structural support
• Adipose tissue

  Surrounds the breast
• Rich sensory innervation

  Milk let down
• Physiologic nodularity or fibrocystic breast

  Uneven texture
• Supernumerary nipples

  More than one nipples
• Lymphatics

  Where breast drains
• Types of lymph nodes


  • Pectoral nodes - anterior
  • Subscapular nodes - posterior
  • Lateral nodes
• Gail model

  Breast cancer assessment tool
• Claus model

  Family history
• Tyler - cuzick model

  Likelihood to develop BC in 10 years
• Types of breast masses


  • Fibroadenoma (benign tumors)
  • Cysts
  • Cancer
• BSE


  Breast self examination
• CBE


  Clinical breast examination
• Mammogram

  Breast x ray
• MRI


  Magnetic resonance imaging
• BRCA Gene


  Breast cancer gene
• Views in inspection


  • Arms at side
  • Arms over the head
  • Arms pressed against the hips
  • Leaning forward
• Tanner Sexual Maturity Rating

  When examining an adolescent girl
• Quadrants of the breast

  • Tail of the spence
  • UOQ
  • LOQ
  • UIQ
  • LIQ
• Gynecomastia


  Enlarged male breast
• Nodes of the axilla

  • Central nodes
  • Pectoral nodes
  • Lateral nodes
  • Subscapular nodes
• Nonpuerperal galactorrha


  Milky discharge
• Papilloma


  Bloody discharge
• Mastectomy


  Removal of breast
• Mastitis


  Inflammation of breast tissue