FILIPINO SOCIAL THINKERS

• SOCIAL THINKERS - Forefront of the ideas towards social change. Opened the awareness of the people according to the various disciplines in the Social Sciences. Contributed political, social and philosophical thoughts.
• JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL MERCADO y ALONZO REALONDA (Jose Rizal) - He tagged as he National Hero (pambansang bayani) of the Filipino people. The most influential figure of the revolutionary period. His writings became the basis of the development of various sociological theories and concepts in the study of society.
• Emphasized the value of the "Intellectual Revolution" rather than the "Physical Revolution". Rizal argued that the intellectual revolution was more necessary because it enlightened the human consciousness between truth and morality.
• Jose Rizal - He used "EMIC PERSPECTIVE" in developing criticism and annotation on selected literary works that have given a negative view of Filipinos. EMIC PERSPECTIVE- viewing the culture of a society from an internal perspective.
• "Sucesos de las islas Filipinas" by Antonio de Morga • Rizal compiled an annotation in this book using emic perspective, he commented in relation to some thoughts: BAGOONG- decomposed /smelly salted fish.
• "On the Indolence of the Filipinos" an essay written in the newspaper La Solidaridad Rizal explained the reason for the indolence of the Filipinos, emphasizing the following factors: Hot climate, Galleon Trade and Polo y servicios, and Limited education for Filipinos.
• Jose Rizal - It was during his stay in Europe that he penned two of his important works, which are believed to have sparked the 1896 Revolution, Noli Me Tangere (1887) and El Filibusterismo (1891).
• NOLI ME TANGERE (1887) it was a diagnosis of the problems of Filipino society and a reflection of the problems of exploitation in Filipino colonial society.
• El FILIBUSERISMO (1891) examined the possibilities and consequences of revolution
• Katipunan - Kataastaasan Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan
• ISABELO DE LOS REYES also known as "Don Belong" (July 7 1864 - October 10. 1938)
• Don Belong - Filipino politician, writer and labor activist in the 19th and 20th centuries. Founder of the Philippine Independent Catholic church.
• Don Belong - He is known as the "Father of Philippine Folklore". "Father of the Philippine Labor Movement", and the "Father of the Filipino Socialism".
• Don Belong - He criticized the friars ownership of large tracks of Haciendas and demanded for Agrarian Reform for Filipino farmers. During the American occupation of the Philippines. he openly attacked the Americans and defended the first Philippine Republic that was established by Aguinaldo.
• Don Belong - Known for organizing the first labor union in the Philippines. Union Obrero Democratica (OUD), wherein he was the president. Also founded the La Redencian del Obrero (The Redemption of the laborer). the first labor newspaper in the Philippines. He initiated the celebration of the first Labor Day (May 1, 1902).
• Emilio Jacinto - Was born on December 15, 1875 in Tondo. Manila. The so-called "Brain of the Katipunan". Was a Filipino general during the Philippine Revolution
• Jacinto wrote the official Katipunan newspaper, the Kalayaan. He also penned the official handbook of the movement, called the Kartilya ng Katipunan The kartilya became the sources of values of revolutionaries, exemplified core values such as charity, piety. honor and equality.
• Emilio Jacinto - He was the highest-ranking officers in the Philippine Revolution and was one of the highest-ranking officers of the revolutionary society katas-katasan, kagalang-galang na katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan, or simply and more popularly called Katipunan, being a member of its Supreme Council.
• Andres Bonifacio - Born on November 30. 1863. Bonifacio was one of the original founders of the radical group katipunan with the objective of overthrowing Spanish colonial regime in the Philippines. Bonifacio advocated complete independence from Spain. In 1892 he founded Katipunan in Manila.
• Andres Bonifacio - "Father of the Philippine Revolution, and considered one of the national heroes of the Philippines. He wrote several poems and the most popular is the "Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa" where he spoke about the love one could extend to his motherland as the ultimate kind of love.
• Rafael Palma - He advocated for academic freedom. Was a politician, newspaperman, and became the 4th president of the University of the Philippines. He advocated that the primary purpose of education is to develop the individual to his highest efficiency so that he can be used to himself and to the community.
• APOLINARIO MABINI - Well-known in the Philippine history as the "Sublime Paralytic" and "Brain of the Revolution". Focuses on the important ideas and values needed in promoting an independent nation.
• Mabini wants to assert their rights as free citizens of a republic. In the attainment of their objective. Mabini saw the need for political freedom geared toward the establishment of self-government institutions. According to Mabini, genuine social renewal can only be achieved through radical institutional and personal changes.
• essay written in the newspaper by La Solidaridad


  On the Indolence of the Filipinos
• Why Jose Rizal emphasize the intellectual revolution?


  It enlightened the consciousness of people between truth and morality