Fictional presentations follow Surette's (1998) view of opposite: they are the opposite of the official statistics-and strongly similar to news coverage
Property crime is under-represented, while violence, drugs and sex crimes are over-represented
Fictional sex crimes are committed by psychopathic strangers, not acquaintances
Several ways in which the media might cause crime and deviance, including imitation, arousal, desensitisation, transmitting knowledge of criminal techniques, stimulating desires for unaffordable goods, and glamourising crime
The media present images of a materialistic good life as the goal to which people should aspire, stimulating a sense of relative deprivation and social exclusion felt by marginalised groups who cannot afford these material goods
Exaggerated and national over-reaction by society to a perceived problem, where the media enlarge the problems out of all proportion to its real seriousness
The media's portrayal of events produced a deviance amplification spiral by making the problem appear to be getting out of hand, leading to increased control responses, and by defining the two groups and emphasising their supposed differences, leading more youths to adopt these identities
Moral panics are a result of a boundary crisis, where there is uncertainty about where the boundary is between acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in a time of change
Surveillance ICT provides police and state with greater opportunities for surveillance and control, e.g. through CCTV cameras, electronic databases, digital fingerprinting