Anthropology

• William James is the father of American Psychology
• Psychology explores the self through

  Various lenses
• James introduced the idea of


  • The subjective self ("I")
  • The objective self ("me")
• The objective self ("me")


  • The self as an object of experience
  • Encompasses physical characteristics
  • Social roles
  • Relationships
• The subjective self ("I")

  • The self as a subjective experience
  • The part of the self that thinks and feels
  • Cannot be directly observed from the outside
• Personal Growth


  Realizing you have become more resilient after overcoming a difficult situation
• Self Concept


  Include self image, self esteem, ideal self
• Self image


  • View of our own characteristics, abilities, behaviors
• Self Concept includes


  • Self image
  • Self esteem
  • Ideal self
• Self Concept


  • Confidence
  • Intelligence - academic achievements
  • Creativity - enjoy painting
  • Athleticism - engage in sports
  • Compassion - helping others
• Self-esteem


  Anything in Carl Rogers' view
• me are


  Who
• Resilient


  Becoming more resilient after overcoming a difficult situation
• Self-Reflection


  • Noticing that you feel happiest when helping others
  • Reflecting a compassionate aspect of your personality
• Behavioral Pattern


  • Owning that you tend to be assertive in group settings, indicating a leadership traits in your personality
• Parts of the course

  • Self from various perspectives
  • Unpacking the self
  • Managing and caring for the self
• Perspectives on the self

  • Philosophical
  • Sociological
  • Anthropological
  • Psychological
  • Eastern and Western
• Aspects of the self

  • Physical self
  • Sexual self
  • Material/Economical self
  • Spiritual self
  • Political self
  • Digital self
• Philosophy


  Finding answers to serious questions about ourselves and the world we live in
• Philosophy


  • Questioning existing knowledge and intuitions to get closer to the truth
  • Critical thinking
  • Argument skills
  • Communication
  • Reasoning
  • Analysis
  • Problem solving
• Pythagoras


  The first to use the term "philosophy"
• Philo


  Greek word for "love"
• Sophia


  Greek word for "wisdom"
• Philosophy is the search for truth, meaning, importance, significance, value, and relevance
• Socrates: '"An unexamined life is not worth living"'
• Socrates' view of the self

  • Composed of body and soul
  • Body is changeable, transient and imperfect
  • Soul is unchanging, eternal and immortal
• Plato's view of the self

  • Soul has 3 parts: Rational soul, Spirited soul, Appetitive soul
  • These 3 elements are in dynamic relationship, sometimes in conflict
  • Rational soul should be in control to achieve genuine happiness
• Aristotle's view of the self

  • Body and soul are not separate, the soul is the essence of the self
  • Anything with life has a soul, 3 kinds of soul: Vegetative, Sentient, Rational

  
• St. Augustine's view of the self

  The self is known through knowing God, self-knowledge is a consequence of knowledge of God
• Rene Descartes' view of the self


  The act of thinking about self is proof that there is self, two distinct entities: the thing that thinks (mind) and the extension (body)
• John Locke's view of the self

  The self is consciousness, the mind at birth is a blank slate, the self is constructed from sense experiences
• David Hume's view of the self

  There is no self, the self is simply a bundle or collection of different perceptions
• Immanuel Kant's view of the self

  The self constructs its own reality through rationality, transcending sense experience
• Gilbert Ryle's view of the self


  The self is the way people behave, not an entity to be located and analyzed
• Paul Churchland's view of the self

  The self is inseparable from the brain and the physiology of the body, the mind does not really exist