4TH QUARTER - SCIENCE

• Amylase


  The saliva contains the enzyme amylase ptyalin that breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars
• Amylopsin


  It is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates
• Pepsin


  It is a stomach enzyme that serves to digest proteins found in ingested food
• Bolus is food that has been mixed with saliva. Chyme is food that has been mixed with gastric juice. Bolus is chewed and then swallowed to reach the stomach. Chyme enters the small intestine after passing through the stomach.
• Pancreas


  Plays a big role in digestion. It is located inside your abdomen, just behind your stomach. It's about the size of your hand. During digestion, your pancreas makes pancreatic juices called enzymes.
• Digestive System - Group of organs working together to digest food.
• Digestive System - Breaking the food into

  simpler substances for the body to absorb.
• Digestive System - Precisely to make the food molecules small enough to allow them to reach the many different cells of the body!
• Digestive System - It is a one-way tube that passes through the body with an opening at both ends.
• Digestion– the breakdown of organic compounds into their simple forms for use by the cells.
• Ingestion - The entry of food into the alimentary canal through the mouth.
• Propulsion - Food leaves the mouth when the tongue and pharyngeal muscles propel it into the esophagus.
• Mechanical - It includes mastication as well as tongue movements that help break food into smaller bits and mix food with saliva.
• Chemical - Includes saliva and digestive secretion. The process is

  completed in the small intestine
• Absorption - Food has been broken down and absorbed by the small intestine and nutrients being used by the body.
• Defecation - Undigested materials are removed from the body as feces.
• Physical digestion - Is the mechanical breakdown of food into smaller particles.
• Chemical Digestion - Is the breakdown of the complex molecules, such as proteins, starch, and fats contained in the food, into simple, soluble molecules.
• Alimentary Canal - long tube where food passes.
• Mouth - Taste buds and sensory receptors are stimulated by the chemical composition if food.
• Mouth - The tongue manipulates the food in chewing and swallowing.
• Mouth - where digestion begins
• Mouth - Broken down into smaller pieces by the teeth and mixed with saliva
• Esophagus - A tube which takes food to the stomach.
• Esophagus - Greek word that means

  to carry what is eaten.
• Tongue pushes the food down to the esophagus.
• Food in esophagus is moved to the stomach
• Peristalsis - Caused by contraction and relaxation of muscles to move

  food throughout the system.
• Stomach - Thick-walled J-shaped organ that lies beneath the diaphragm.
• The walls of the stomach have deep folds which unfold when the stomach fills up to about 1 liter of food.
• The stomach secretes digestive juices whenever food enters.
• Gastric glands in the stomach secrete gastric juice which contains

  hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
• Secretes enzymes that continue the process of breaking down the food.
• Liver - Large, meaty organ that sits on the right side of the belly. Weighing about 3 pounds, the liver is reddish-brown in color.
• Liver - Produce bile to neutralize the acidic food from the stomach and to emulsify the fats into oil droplets.
• The bile is stored in the Gallbladdder
• Small Intestine - A coiled tube about 3 to 5 meters long.
• Small Intestine - It functions in the digestion of food and its absorption.
• Small Intestine - Where most of the digestion and absorption of food takes place.
• More digestive juices are secreted to break down the

  food to complete the digestion.