catholic threat

• Establishment of Douai Seminary


  1568
• Douai Seminary


  Set up by William Allen in the Netherlands to train seminary priests to smuggle into England
• Dutch Revolt outbreak

  1567-1568
• Duke of Alba's forces

  • Suppress Protestants, many flee to England, posing a threat
• Arrival of Mary Stuart

  1568
• Mary Stuart's arrival

  Complicates matters, strengthening Catholic opposition to Elizabeth
• Rebellion of the Northern Earls

  1569
• Rebellion

  • Serious Catholic-led rebellion aiming to overthrow Elizabeth, involving Spanish assistance, disintegrates after two years
• Papal Bull "Regnans in Excelsis"

  1570
• Papal Bull "Regnans in Excelsis"

  Pope excommunicates Elizabeth, absolving Catholics of loyalty to her, instructing them to depose her
• Ridolfi Plot

  1571
• Ridolfi Plot


  Conspiracy aiming to place Mary on the throne, marry her to the Duke of Norfolk
• St Bartholomew's Day Massacre

  1572
• St Bartholomew's Day Massacre

  Heightens tensions
• Arrival of Seminary Priests

  1574
• Seminary Priests

  From Douai start arriving in England, gradually increasing in number
• Pope Gregory XIII's Statement

  1580
• Pope Gregory XIII's Statement

  Suggests that assassinating Elizabeth gains merit
• Arrival of Jesuits

  1580
• Jesuits


  Like Campion, Parsons, Emerson arrive, becoming shock troops of Catholicism
• Throckmorton Plot

  1583
• Throckmorton Plot


  Another conspiracy against Elizabeth
• Assassination of William of Orange

  1584
• William of Orange


  Protestant leader, assassinated
• Bond of Association

  1584
• Bond of Association


  Parliament establishes to protect the Queen, with penalties for plots against her
• England Supports Dutch Protestants

  1585
• England

  Pledges assistance to Dutch Protestants against Spanish rule
• Treaty of Joinville

  1585
• Treaty of Joinville

  Treaty between Phillip II and French Catholics supports Mary's claim to the throne
• Planning the Enterprise of England

  1586
• Enterprise of England

  Phillip II plans invasion of England
• Babington Plot

  1586
• Babington Plot


  Plot seals Mary Stuart's fate
• Treaty of Berwick


  1586
• Treaty of Berwick


  Treaty with James VI of Scotland neutralizes potential reaction to Mary's execution
• Execution of Mary Stuart

  1587
• Spanish Armada

  1588
• Support for Spanish Infant's Claim

  1594
• Spanish Infant's Claim


  Jesuit Parsons supports Spanish infant's claim to the English throne