Enzymes

• Living things produce enzymes that act as natural catalyst to soeed up the useful chemical reaction
• A catalyst 


  Is a substance which increases the speed of a reaction. without being changed or used up in the reaction
• Enzymes are large proteins made up of chains of amino acids
• Active sites

  1. fits into the substance envied in the section
  2. picky-only catalyse one specific reaction
  3. for enzymes to work had to fit unit it’s active site if it doesn’t match the enzymes active site it won’t catalyse
  4. “lock and key”- the active site changes shape a little as the substrate binds to get a tighter fit “induced fit“
• Enzymes need right temperature and PH

  1. chanibg these will change rate
  2. higher temp increases the rate but if too hot bonds holding enzymes together break this changes the shape of the enzymes active site enzyme has been denatured
  3. all have an optimum temperature
  4. if PH too high or low breaks bonds which denatures enzyme
  5. optimum PH neutral PH7