B1- AQA HIGHER -Honey

• Eukaryotic cells


  Cells that contain their genetic material enclosed in a nucleus
• Eukaryotic cells


  • Contain a nucleus
  • Contain a cell membrane
  • Contain cytoplasm
• Prokaryotic cells


  Cells where the genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus
• Prokaryotic cells


  • Do not have a nucleus
  • Have a cell membrane
  • Have a cell wall
  • Contain cytoplasm
  • May have plasmids
• Prokaryotic cells


  Are much smaller than eukaryotic cells
• Microscope


  Device that uses light or electrons to magnify and view small objects
• Light microscope


  • Used to study cells
  • Allows us to make important discoveries about cell structures like the nucleus
• Light microscope limitations


  • Limited magnification
  • Limited resolution - blurred images even with high magnification
• Electron microscope


  Has much greater magnification and resolution than light microscope
• Electron microscope image


  • Shows detail in the nucleus that could not be seen with a light microscope
• Calculating magnification


  Magnification = Size of image / Size of real object
• Calculating magnification


  • Nucleus image size = 45mm, Actual nucleus diameter = 0.01mm, Magnification = 4500x
• Calculating magnification


  • Mitochondrion image size = 30mm, Actual mitochondrion length = 0.003mm, Magnification = 10000x
• Calculating real object size

  Real object size = Image size / Magnification
• Calculating real object size

  • Cell image size = 87mm, Magnification = 2000x, Real cell size = 0.0435mm