Geography p1

• What are the 2 types of hazards?

  tectonic - earths crusts moves e.g earthquakes

  climatic- certain weather conditions e.g flooding
• What is a hazard?

  Extreme natural events causing the loss of life or damage to property
• What are the risks of hazards?

  • a developing country could have a high death toll
  • economic costs low
  • damage to buildings
  • decrease tourism
  • Slower to repair
• Why does hazards happen?

  due to urbanisation( growth in population)
• What way does a destructibe boundary form at?


  plates moving together

  friction as 2 plates rub

  oceanic subducts under continental plate

  builds up pressure

  cause earthquaakes

  friction causes oceanic plate to melt

  increase pressure

  violent cone volcano
• Describe the mantle ?

  thickest

  2900km

  made of magma
• Describe the outer core?

  liquid later

  made of iron and nickel
• Describe the inner core?

  hottest

  iron and nickel

  5500 degrees
• why and how do plates move?

  Convection currents

  at core temperature hot

  Core heats up mantle

  heated mantle rises up and starts moving

  spreads wide

  Drags plates with it

  core mantle - core sinks back to done

  repeats , recycling energy
• Describe a constructive plate boundary?

  Plates move away from each other

  As they move away magma fills gaps

  spreads slowly

  Creates shield volcano
• Describe conservative plate boundary?

  side by side plates move

  One plate slower than the ofher

  faster plate stuck againest slower

  builds up friction and pressure

  massive earthquakes
• How do earthquakes form?

  earths plates constantly moving

  builds up friction

  Plates try to move but get stuck

  pressure builds up as plates move

  When pressure released huge amounts of energy

  earth surface shakes violently
• What is a earthquake measured using?

  Richter scale( how powerful it is )

  or a seismometer( detects seismic waves)
• What is the range on a richter scale?

  1-10
• What does the earthquake originate from?

  inside the crust , the FOCUS

  energy released in seismic waves

  powerful at epicentre
• What are earthquake factors based on?

  the effect

  size on Richter scale

  whether country rich/poor
• What are the short term responses to haiti case study?

  Emergency aid, medical assistance, food distribution.
• What are the long term responses for Haiti?

  hot meals for schools

  recontruction
• What plate boundary was haiti?

  conservative
• Primary effects of haiti?

  2000 died

  12 000 injured
• Secondary effects of Haiti?

  • 332 missing people
  • hundreds of landslides destroy habitats
• What is prediction ?

  using seismometers

  difficult to predict earthquake
• What is protection?

  construct buildings

  Rubber shock absorbers

  steel frames
• What is preparation?

  drills

  reduce impact

  increase in survival