biology unit 2

• define a cell?


  basic building blocks of a living organism
• define a tissue?


  a group of cells with a similar tissue and function
• define an organ?


  a group of tissues preforming specific functions
• what is an organ system?


  a group of organs preforming specific functions
• what do organ systems work together to form?

  organisms
• what are enzymes?


  protein molecules an biological catalysts
• what do enzymes do?

  speed up reactions in the body and can be reused (their shape remains unchanged)
• what kind of model is used to represent enzymes?

  lock and key model
• what do enzymes control?

  metabolism in the body
• what are the factors affecting enzyme action?


  temperature, pH
• Which biological molecule represents the lock?

  enzyme
• Which biological molecule represents the key?


  substrate
• Enzymes speed up the rate of biological reactions, so are therefore known as what?

  biological catylist
• What part of the enzyme does the substrate bind?

  the active site
•  Which molecule binds the active site of the enzyme?

  the substrate
• state the name of the molecules formed which have been either broken down / made larger by the enzyme?

  products
• What are a collection of similar cells that work together called?


  tissue
• What do a collection of tissues working together form?

  organ
• Which tissue covers the inside and outside of the stomach?

  Epithelial tissue
• Which tissue contracts to churn food inside the stomach?


  muscle tissue
• Which cells secrete enzymes and gastric juices?

  glandular tissue
• State the name of the acid in the stomach?

  hydrochloric acid
• State the name of the protease enzyme in the stomach?


  pepsin
• State the pH of hydrochloric acid?

  2
• Which substrate do proteases like pepsin digest?

  proteins
• What do proteases break proteins down into?

  amino acid
• What is the monomer of starch?

  glucose
• What is the polymer of glucose?


  starch
• Which enzyme breaks down starch into glucose?


  amalayse
• What is the monomer of proteins?

  amino acids
• What is the polymer of amino acid?

  proteins
• Which group of enzymes break down proteins to amino acids?


  protease
• .Which two molecules are lipids (fats) made from?


  glycerol and fatty acids
• What is the polymer of fatty acids and glycerol?

  lipids
• Which enzyme breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol?


  lipase
• What are the folds on the inside of the small intestine called?

  villi
• What are the folds on the surface of the villi called?
• What are the folds on the surface of the villi called?

  micro-villi
• Do the villi and microvilli increase or decrease the surface area of the small intestine?

  increase
• True or False Villi have a poor blood supply?

  false