B2

• What is a double circulatory system?

  A system in which the heart pumps the blood twice and passes through the heart twice in one circuit
• What is the septum?

  separates oxygenated blood from de-oxygenated blood in the heart
• Where does the aorta take blood?

  to the body
• What muscle is the heart made up of?

  Cardiac muscle
• What side of the heart has oxygenated blood?

  Left
• What side of the heart has de-oxygenated blood?

  The right
• What is the pulmonary artery?

  The pulmonary artery is a blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
• What do valves do?

  Stops the blood flowing backwatfs
• Why does the left side of the heart have thicker muscle?

  The left has to withstand a higher pressure,meaning that the extra muscle allows for a stronger force of taking blood all the way around the body and back
• What type of blood does artery’s carry?

  Oxygenated blood
• What type of blood does veins carry?

  Deoxygenated
• What type of blood does capillaries carry?

  Capillaries carry oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
• Where do artery’s carry blood?

  blood away from the heart
• Where do veins carry blood?

  Taking (low pressure) blood back to the heart
• Where are capillaries found?

  Between veins and artery’s
• What size of lumen do artery’s have?

  Very small luneb
• What size lumen do veins have?

  big lumen
• What size Lumen do capillaries have?

  Very narrow (1 cell thick)
• Why do arteries have this size lumen?

  create a high-pressure
• Why do veins have this size lumen?

  Because the blood is under low pressure, and doesn’t have to be tight
• Why do capillaries have this size lumen?

  flow, allows for more diffusion time
• How thick is the arteries wall?

  Very thick and thick elastic fibres
• How thick is the vein wall?

  thin wall
• What thickness of wall does capillaries have?

  Very thin walls, one cell thick
• How does the thickness of the artery wall contribute to their function?

  Helps to withstand
• How does the thickness of vain was contribute to their function?

  Doesn’t have to have high blood pressure
• How does the thickness of the capillary wall contribute to their function?

  Allows diffusion of oxygen and glucose in and out
• What is the function of the pulmonary veins?

  They carry oxygenated blood to the heart
• Where does deoxygenated blood enter the heart?

  Right atrium
• What separates oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood in the heart?

  Septum
• What happens when the atria contract?

  The semilunar valves open
• What is the pathway of deoxygenated blood through the heart?

  Enters right atrium, moves to right ventricle
• What occurs after the ventricles contract?

  The tricuspid valves close and bicuspid valves open
• What is the role of the right ventricle?

  Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• What is the significance of the pulmonary artery?

  It carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
• What are the steps of blood flow through the heart?

  1. Deoxygenated blood enters right atrium
  2. Blood flows into right ventricle
  3. Ventricles contract, tricuspid valves close
  4. Bicuspid valves open, blood pumped to lungs
  5. Oxygenated blood returns to left atrium
• What are the differences between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart?

  • Oxygenated blood:
  • Enters through pulmonary veins
  • Flows to left atrium and ventricle
  • Deoxygenated blood:
  • Enters through vena cava
  • Flows to right atrium and ventricle
• What is the role of the bicuspid valve?

  Prevents backflow of blood into the atrium
• What is the function of the tricuspid valve?

  Regulates blood flow from right atrium to ventricle
• How does the heart ensure unidirectional blood flow?

  Through the use of valves