Bhuddist beliefs and teachings

• What is Dhamma (Dharma)?

  Buddha's teachings to overcome dissatisfaction or suffering
• What is the cycle of paticasamupada?

  - past causes: e.g ignorance can become part of a persons consciousness which means their feelings may be affected in the present

  - present causes: are liked to future effects such as sharing and death e.g an unhealthy craving (bad food) can lead a person to becoming i'll in old age

  - it is a cycle; a future effect could itself become or cause another future effect
• how does the cycle of paticasamupada reflect on a buddhists life?

  it makes a buddhist be aware that their actions have consequences and therefore they may aim to treat each other in a positive way
• what is metta?


  treating others with kindness
• what are the 3 marks of existence

  - three universal truths

  - anicca; impermanence, lack of permanence

  - anatta; no fixed self, no soul

  - dukkah; dissatisfaction or suffering
• what are the 3 refugees and Jewels?

  - ways of being protected from suffering

  - the Buddha

  - the Dhamma

  - the Sangha
• what are the different types of dukkha (suffering)?

  1- ordinary suffering; emotional, physical and mental suffering

  2- suffering through change; impermanence of things like links to anicca

  3- suffering through dissatisfaction or attachment to objects, people and things you do in life
• what are the two different types of bhuddists?

  theravada and mahayana
• what are the the 5 aggregates (skhandas)?

  1- sensation (vedana)

  2- perception (samjna)

  3- mental formation (samskara)

  4- consciousnesses (vijnana)

  5- form (rupa)
• what do mahayana bhuddists think of the human personality?

  - 3 concepts

  1- Synuata; 'emptiness', everything depends upon something else

  2- Attaining Buddhahood; when a person reaches enlightening and becomes a buddah, they achieve this through meditation and moving away from distractions in life that would prevent them from reaching enlightenment

  3- Buddha Nature; idea that all beings can attain buddahood, they believe everyone had the opportunity and essence of a buddha essence
• What do Mahayana Buddhists believe about human destiny ?

  - they attempt to become bhuddisatvas

  - they choose to remain in the cycle of samsara in order to enlighten others
• what is a bhoddisatva?

  - enlightened being

  - to become one you have to become perfect in the 6 areas of life

  - generosity, morality, patience, energy, meditation and wisdom

  - they are likely to become charitable, and they show compassion and respect to the life of all sentient beings
• what is bhuddahood?


  - pure land bhuddists recite the name of amitabha bhudda in order to attain Bhuddahood and therefore reach Amithabas pure land

  - Amithaba bhudda was a monk called dharmakara who made many vows, including promising birth in the pure land
• who was the Buddha

  his name was Guatama and he was a prince and pet of a royal family therefore born into privilege, he decided to turn away from his life to find spiritual awareness
• why is the life of the Bhudda important for Bhuddists?

  the life of the Bhudda and his teachings are an important source of wisdom and authority, informing their beliefs and ways of life
• How was the Bhuddas birth like?

  his mother, Queen Maya, suffered no pain, he was born out of his mothers side and immediately had the ability to walk and talk
• how was the Bhuddas life of luxury like?

  he was unaware of old age, sickness and death as he was shielded from these in the palace. He saw no suffering, he was married at 16 and had a child
• what encouraged the Bhudda to lead an ascetic life?


  - he encountered an indian ascetic who encouraged him to deprive himself

  - he said he would do so to achieve supreme knowledge
• what is The Middle Way?

  - the eightfold path to nirvana

  - represents the state between living a life of self-indulgence and one of denial
• What is Nirodha?


  - third noble truth

  - end of suffering

  - Bhudda believed the end of suffering could be obtained through the right effort and actions

  - liked to concept of nibbana

  - engage in meditation to end their cravings and become more aware of what they are
• what are the two different ways of viewing nibbana?

  - Nibanna with remainder, when you realise nibbana and understand nibbana through your life but your physical body remains of earth

  - Nibbana without remainder, happens when a bhuddist dies, the heart mind and body gave all now achieved nibbana in doing this they escape the cycle of samsara
• what is the four noble truths teaching also know as?

  " Setting in motion the wheel of Dhamma (Dharma)"
• What is the threefold way?

  - The Eightfold Path grouped into the three sections of ethics, meditation and wisdom
• What is sila?


  - ethics; right of speech, right of action, right livelihood

  - this is about being good and living a morally right life
• What is Panna?


  - wisdom; right understanding, right intention

  - to achieve this you must overcome ignorance, through attaining wisdom a Bhuddist will truly understand the Bhudda's teachings and the nature of reality
• What is samadhi?


  - meditation; right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration

  - Bhuddists need to know how to meditate properly as meditation helps them to gain the wisdom that will lead to enlightenment
• What are the Jakata Tales?

  a large collection of writing of the Bhuddas previous lives. Part of the Pali Canon
• what is the Pali Cannon?


  The collection of scriptures preserved in the Theravada Bhuddists tradition